2. 职称英语
  3. Owning a cat can reduce the risk of heart attacks and strokes by more than a

Owning a cat can reduce the risk of heart attacks and strokes by more than a

游客2023-12-09  9
问题     Owning a cat can reduce the risk of heart attacks and strokes by more than a third, researchers have found. Scientists said that having a cat helped to relieve stress and anxiety, which is known to help protect against heart disease by lowering blood pressure and reducing the heart rate.
    The 10-year study looked at 4,435 adults aged between 30 and 75, about half of whom owned a cat. The findings, presented at a stroke conference in America, showed that 3.4 per cent of the cat owners died from a heart attack over 10 years. Among the group who had never owned a cat the rate was 5.8 per cent.
    Cat owners still had a much reduced chance of developing strokes or heart attacks when researchers took account of other factors known to trigger heart disease, including high cholesterol levels, smoking and diabetes.
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答案     研究人员发现。养猫能使患心脏病和中风的风险降低1／3以上。科研人员称，养猫有助于减轻压力、缓解焦虑情绪，从而降低血压和心律，这有助于预防心脏病。
    研究人员对4435名年龄在30至75岁之间的成人进行了为期10年的调查，调查对象中约有一半人养猫。研究结果在美国的一个中风研讨会上公布时显示．在这10年里，有3．4％的养猫人士死于心脏病，而从未养过猫的人死于心脏病的比例为5．8％。
    研究人员还综合考虑了高胆固醇、吸烟和糖尿病等可能引发心脏病的其他一些因素．结果发现养猫人士患中风或心脏病的可能性还是要小很多。
解析 1、新闻报道力图全方位反映当代生活，因而涉及众多领域。要做好本篇翻译，考生需掌握一定的医学知识和医学术语，如stroke、cholesterol levels、diabetes等。
2、表明信息来源的结构在英语中一般后置，汉语则前置，故将第1段第1句的researchers have found译为“研究人员发现”放在句首。
3、汉语句子通常按事理排序，由轻及重，先因后果，叙述事件多半也是按时间先后。英语反道而行，或颠因倒果，或先出主要信息，其余信息于后追补。第1段第2句that从句中的动词按事件发展逻辑排序应该是relieve→lowering／reducing→protect，所以据此翻译。
4、西方人重客观实证，体现在语言中一般以客观事物或抽象概念作主语，而汉语中主语多由人来充当，如第2段第1句的主语The 10一year study在译文中应转换为“研究人员”作主语。
5、第2段第2、3句有对比关联，故译为一句话。presented at a stroke conference inAmerica为过去分词短语作插人语，这里译为状语，其中的stroke修饰conference，表示conference的议题，故而译为“中风研讨会”。
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