首页
登录
职称英语
In sixteenth-century Italy and eighteenth-century France, waning prosperity a
In sixteenth-century Italy and eighteenth-century France, waning prosperity a
游客
2023-12-07
52
管理
问题
In sixteenth-century Italy and eighteenth-century France, waning prosperity and increasing social unrest led the ruling families to try to preserve theft superiority by withdrawing from the lower and middle classes behind barriers of etiquette. In a prosperous community, on the other hand, polite society soon adsorbs the newly rich, and in England there has never been any shortage of books on etiquette for teaching them the manners appropriate to their new way of life.
Every code of etiquette has contained three elements: basic moral duties; practical rules which promote efficiency; and artificial, optional graces such as formal compliments to, say, women on their beauty or superiors on their generosity and importance. In the first category are considerations for the weak and respect for age. Among the ancient Egyptians the young always stood in the presence of older people. Among the Mponguwe of Tanzaia, the young men bow as they pass the huts of the elders. In England, until about a century ago, young children did not sit in their parents’ presence without asking permission. Practical rules are helpful in such ordinary occurrences of social life as making proper introductions at parties or other functions so that people can be brought to know each other. Before the invention of the fork, etiquette directed that the fingers should be kept as clean as possible; before the handkerchief came into common use, etiquette suggested that after spitting, a person should rub the spit inconspicuously underfoot. Extremely refined behavior, however, cultivated as an art of gracious living, has been characteristic only of societies with wealth and leisure, which admitted women as the social equals of men. After the fall of Rome, the first European society to regulate behavior in private life in accordance with a complicated code of etiquette was twelfth-century Province, in France. Provence had become wealthy. The lords had returned to their castle from the crusades, and there the ideals of chivalry grew up, which emphasized the virtue and gentleness of women and demanded that a knight should profess a pure and dedicated love to a lady who would be his inspiration, and to whom he would dedicate his valiant deeds, though he would never come physically close to her. This was the introduction of the concept of romantic love, which was to influence literature for many hundreds of years and which still lives on in a debased form in simple popular songs and cheap novels today. In Renaissance Italy too, in the fourteenth and fifteenth centuries, a wealthy and leisured society developed an extremely complex code of manners, but the rules of behavior of fashionable society had little influence on the daily life of the lower classes. Indeed many of the rules, such as how to enter a banquet room, or how to use a sword or handkerchief for ceremonial purposes, were irrelevant to the way of life of the average working man, who spent most of his life outdoors or in his own poor hut and most probably did not have a handkerchief, certainly not a sword, to his name. Yet the essential basis of all good manners does not vary. Consideration for the old and weak and the avoidance of banning or giving unnecessary offence to others is a feature of all societies everywhere and at all levels from the highest to the lowest. [br] Etiquette as an art of gracious living is quoted as a feature of which country?
选项
A、Egypt.
B、18th century France.
C、Renaissance Italy.
D、England
答案
C
解析
细节题。文章第二段提到In renaissance Italy too,in the fourteenth and fifteenth centuries,a wealthy and leisured society developed an extremely complex code of manners,因此C为正确选择。
转载请注明原文地址:https://tihaiku.com/zcyy/3252987.html
相关试题推荐
Insixteenth-centuryItalyandeighteenth-centuryFrance,waningprosperityan
Insixteenth-centuryItalyandeighteenth-centuryFrance,waningprosperityan
TheUnitedStatesboughtLouisianafrom______.A、FranceB、SpainC、BritainD、Mexi
Insixteenth-centuryItalyandeighteenth-centuryFrance,waningprosperity
Insixteenth-centuryItalyandeighteenth-centuryFrance,waningprosperity
Insixteenth-centuryItalyandeighteenth-centuryFrance,waningprosperity
Insixteenth-centuryItalyandeighteenth-centuryFrance,waningprosperity
Insixteenth-centuryItalyandeighteenth-centuryFrance,waningprosperity
Insixteenth-centuryItalyandeighteenth-centuryFrance,waningprosperity
Insixteenth-centuryItalyandeighteenth-centuryFrance,waningprosperity
随机试题
AlfredNobelwishedwinnersofhisprizesshould[br][originaltext]TheNob
Toparaphrase18th-centurystatesmanEdmundBurke,"allthatisneededfor
SevenWaystoCreateaHappyHouseholdA)Everyfamilyisdifferent,wit
A.效率相等 B.由高温热源处吸收的热量相等 C.由低温热源处放出的热量相等
患者缺失3个月,要求固定修复。如果第二磨牙近中倾斜,倾斜牙作固定桥基牙的最大障碍
旅游团队旅游过程中的社交活动,主要有宴请和品尝风味小吃、会见和舞会,对于( )
我国《基金法》规定,基金资产应当运用于下列()资产。 A.已上市股票B.场
某男,50岁。近日有出血症状,血色淡,伴有少气懒言,倦怠乏力,舌淡,脉虚无力。体
辅导期纳税人增值税专用发票的领用实行按次限额控制,每次领用增值税专用发票数量不得
关于无效民事法律行为法律后果的说法,正确的是()A.无效民事法律行为自被认
最新回复
(
0
)