首页
登录
职称英语
Bloodletting and vitamin pills are the future for astronaut health regimes.
Bloodletting and vitamin pills are the future for astronaut health regimes.
游客
2023-12-07
42
管理
问题
Bloodletting and vitamin pills are the future for astronaut health regimes. So hints a provocative proposal on the benefits of personalized gene-based medicine for space travelers.
Humans in space are at risk of a variety of ailments, from brittle bones caused by low gravity to cancer triggered by cosmic radiation. Astronauts on the International Space Station(ISS)already take supplements to counteract ill effects, such as vitamin D for bone strength.
But when traveling further into space, such as to an asteroid or Mars, astronauts will be exposed to radiation doses close to NASA’s acceptable lifetime limits, upping their chances of developing illnesses from damaged DNA.
To reduce each individual’s risk, we should examine their genome and then design countermeasures to protect against any potential problems, say Michael Schmidt of MetaboLogics in Fort Collins, Colorado, and Thomas Goodwin of NASA’s Johnson Space Center in Houston, Texas.
The aim is not to weed out astronauts with deficiencies, but to ensure those who fly are in the best possible condition before they go to space, says Schmidt.
For example, certain gene mutations are known to reduce the stability of DNA, and this effect is amplified by a lack of folate. A person with the mutation could take folate supplements to protect against an increased risk of genetic damage from radiation exposure.
Reduced folate levels have also been linked to vision problems experienced by roughly a quarter of astronauts returning from the ISS. It is not yet clear whether the eye problems have a genetic component, but that is the kind of thing more focused research could reveal, says Schmidt.
Even a simple treatment like preflight bloodletting could prove useful when combined with genetic analysis, the pair say. People with a genetic mutation to build up iron in their bodies are at greater risk of radiation damage in space. An older male astronaut with the mutation will have built up high concentrations of iron over his lifetime(women are less at risk because they lose iron during menstruation). Bloodletting, along with an iron-restricted diet, could be an effective way to reduce this risk.
Genetic profiles can also help inform the types of drugs astronauts take into space, says Graham Scott of Baylor College of Medicine in Houston. He is looking at personalized medicine for Inspiration Mars, a private venture which plans to send humans on a fly-by of the Red Planet in 2018.
Roughly half of astronauts have experienced back pain during missions, which is treated in space with exercise and painkillers. But people with variants of the liver gene CYP2D6 can metabolize drugs such as the painkiller codeine too quickly, potentially leading to an overdose—and there is no hospital en route to Mars. Instead, if an astronaut is known to have this mutation they can be given a lower dose or an alternative treatment.
Jasper Rine of the University of California, Berkeley, says Schmidt and Goodwin’s proposal makes sense in principle, but we don’t yet know enough about gene variations to predict which astronauts will have gene-based health problems. And in the immediate future, he thinks deep-space pioneers will have bigger things to worry about. "Those with the courage to ride into space on a rocket built by the low bidder on a government contract face a wide range of risks," says Rine. [br] From the passage, we get to know that astronauts are at greater risk of radiation damage
选项
A、if they have less iron concentration.
B、if they have more folate supplements.
C、if they have no gene variations.
D、if they have flown further into the space.
答案
D
解析
推断题。由第三段可知当航天员飞到太空中更远的地方,比如飞向一颗小行星或火星,就会受到很大辐射,基因受到损伤并增大患病风险,故选[D]。
转载请注明原文地址:https://tihaiku.com/zcyy/3251785.html
相关试题推荐
Accordingtothenews,thehealthcarereformbyObamabenefits[br][originalt
Accordingtothenews,thehealthcarereformbyObamabenefits[originaltext]
Healthyadultstakeapproximately10-14breathsperminute,butsomepeople
Healthyadultstakeapproximately10-14breathsperminute,butsomepeople
Healthyadultstakeapproximately10-14breathsperminute,butsomepeople
Healthyadultstakeapproximately10-14breathsperminute,butsomepeople
Healthyadultstakeapproximately10-14breathsperminute,butsomepeople
Healthyadultstakeapproximately10-14breathsperminute,butsomepeople
DavidCameronhasnoticedthathealthandsafetyregulationsstopschoolst
DavidCameronhasnoticedthathealthandsafetyregulationsstopschoolst
随机试题
关于人胎盘生乳素(HPL)错误的是A.由绒毛细胞滋养细胞分泌 B.为不含糖分子
下列关于电子等排体的说法正确的是A.包括经典的和非经典的电子等排体B.CH,NH
关于注射用溶剂的叙述中错误的是A.纯化水可用于配制注射剂,但此后必须马上灭菌
长期以来,甲城市的商品房品质比乙城市的低,但价格高。这种现象之所以长期存在,主要
某一级耐火等级的宾馆,建筑高度56m,每层建筑面积6000m2,采用自动喷水灭火
需要设消防给水系统的有()。A.液化石油气加气站 B.加油和液化石油气加气合
序列反应时任务应用哪种反应时技术推出内隐学习的发生?( )A.速度一反应权衡
元大公司开发的楼盘中所有户型都是400平方米以上的大户型,在400平方米以上的大
求两个静止点电荷之间的作用力,应通过()定律计算。A.库仑 B.高斯 C
根据《水利系统文明建设工地评审管理办法》(建地[1998]4号),某泵站工程申报
最新回复
(
0
)