2. 职称英语
  3. A scientific theory is a public pronouncement that indicates what a scienti

A scientific theory is a public pronouncement that indicates what a scienti

游客2023-12-07  28
问题     A scientific theory is a public pronouncement that indicates what
a scientist believes to be true about his or her specific area of
investigation. And the beauty of scientific theories is they help us to 【M1】______
organize our thinking about a broad arrange of observations and 【M2】______
events. Imagine how life might be like for a researcher who plugs 【M3】______
away at collecting data and cataloging fact after fact with organizing 【M4】______
this information around a set of concepts and propositions. Chances
are that this person would eventually be swamped by seemingly
unconnected facts, thus qualifying as a trivia expert who lacks "big 【M5】______
picture." So theories are of critical importance to developmental
psychology, for each of them provides us with a "lens" which we 【M6】______
might interpret any number of specific observations about developing
individuals.
    What are the characteristics of a good theory? Ideally, it should
be concise, or parsimonious, and thus be able to explain a broad 【M7】______
range of phenomena. A theory with few principles that accounts of a 【M8】______
large number of empirical observations is much more useful than a
second theory that requires many more principles and assumptions to
explain the same number of observations. In addition, good theories
are falsifiable — that is, capable of making explicit predictions about
future events so that the theory can be supported or disconfirmed.
And, as implied by the falsifiability criterion, good theories do not
limit themselves to which is already known. Instead, they are 【M9】______
heuristic — meaning that they build on existing knowledge by
continuing to generate testable hypotheses that, if confirmed by
future research, will lead to a much rich understanding of the 【M10】______
phenomena under investigation. [br] 【M9】
选项
答案 which—what
解析 近义词错误。代词which指在有限数量中的一个或一些，而what则不限定范围，文中此处是泛指已知的知识，宜用what。
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