首页
登录
职称英语
Historians tend to date the birth of modern capitalism to the late sixteenth
Historians tend to date the birth of modern capitalism to the late sixteenth
游客
2023-12-03
33
管理
问题
Historians tend to date the birth of modern capitalism to the late sixteenth and early seventeen centuries, but to understand what actually occurred an important distinction must be made. Here are basically two types of capitalism: commercial and industrial. In commercial capitalism the capitalist is usually a merchant who invests money both in buying the raw material and in marketing the finished product one produced. In the case of wool cloth, for example, the merchant buys the raw wool: then either the merchant or the agent carries the wool to the artisans who spin, weave, and dye it in their shops or homes. They usually work by the piece and own or rent their equipment. When the cloth is finished, the merchant then sells the product: the merchant’s profit lies in the difference between what the cloth cost to produce and the purchase price of the finished goods.
This form of capitalism, with the merchant as capitalist, began in the Middle Ages and remained the dominant form for the production of industrial goods down to the eighteenth century. The economic boom of the sixteenth century did not significantly affect the way the goods were produced: what did change was the number of people engaged in producing. The production of industrial goods significantly increased in the sixteenth century because so many more independent producers were working for the merchant.
Industrial capitalism, on the other hand, refers to investment in the modes or means of production. In this case the capitalist is not the merchant but the factory or mine owner. Investment in machines means more productivity per worker and more variety in products. In the sixteenth century a rapid surge in the amount of investment in machinery occurred in such areas as metalworking, glass making, paper production, coal mining and firearms manufacture. Although the output of goods provided by industrial capitalism climbed significantly after 1550, until the end of the eighteenth century commercial capitalism was responsible for most of the industrial production of Europe. [br] The phrase "work by the piece" in the first paragraph means______.
选项
A、mass production
B、efficient production
C、small-scale production
D、full production
答案
C
解析
语义题。从上下文可以推断当时的商业资本家在生产规模上很小,故C正确。
转载请注明原文地址:https://tihaiku.com/zcyy/3240792.html
相关试题推荐
Thebeginsofthemodernchemistrylaboratorygobacktotheworkroomsofmediev
Thefirstmoderndigitalcomputersweredevelopedinthe1940sformilitary
Thefirstmoderndigitalcomputersweredevelopedinthe1940sformilitary
Thefirstmoderndigitalcomputersweredevelopedinthe1940sformilitary
Thefirstmoderndigitalcomputersweredevelopedinthe1940sformilitary
Thefirstmoderndigitalcomputersweredevelopedinthe1940sformilitary
Thefirstmoderndigitalcomputersweredevelopedinthe1940sformilitary
SocialcircumstancesinEarlyModernEnglandmostlyservedtorepresswomen’
SocialcircumstancesinEarlyModernEnglandmostlyservedtorepresswomen’
SocialcircumstancesinEarlyModernEnglandmostlyservedtorepresswomen’
随机试题
ElNinoisadisturbanceoftheworld’snormalclimatepattern.DuringElNi
Theseobservationsindicatetheextremedifficultyincultivatingthisprecious
OnThursday,thePhiladelphiaSchoolReformCommissionwillbevotingonthe
大比例尺地形图测绘时,采用半比例符号表达的是( )。A.旗杆 B.水井
下列级数中,条件收敛的是:
持票人对支票出票人的权利期限是自出票日起()个月。A.1 B.24 C
【教学过程】 环节一:导入新课 情景导入。 播放视频:2013年4月28日,习近平总书记在全国劳动模范代表座谈会时强调,人民创造历史,劳动开创未来。
历史文化名镇名村保护规划文本一般不包括( )。A.村镇历史文化价值概述 B.
甲送给国有收费站站长吴某3万元,与其约定:甲在高速公路另开出口帮货车司机逃费,吴
巴比妥类药物的不良反应包括A.后遗效应 B.产生耐受性 C.产生依赖性 D
最新回复
(
0
)