首页
登录
职称英语
[originaltext]J: Divergence is by no means the only possible tendency. Some sch
[originaltext]J: Divergence is by no means the only possible tendency. Some sch
游客
2023-11-26
24
管理
问题
J: Divergence is by no means the only possible tendency. Some scholars introduced a "wave" model in which linguistic changes spread like waves, leading ultimately to convergence. That is, growing similarity among languages that were initially quite different.
I: While divergence indicates tendency of differentiating languages, convergence means similarity of languages.
J: Right. Besides that, most linguists think primarily in terms of linguistic family trees. They find it necessary to construct some explicit models of how language change might occur according to a process-based view.
I: Have they formed some models?
J: So far, there are four main classes of models. The first is the process of initial colonization, by which an uninhabited territory becomes populated; its language naturally becomes that of the colonizers. The second are processes of divergence, such as the linguistic divergence arising from separation or isolation mentioned above in relation to early models of the Indo-European languages. The third group of models is based on processes of linguistic convergence. The wave model, formulated by Johannes Schmidt in the 1870’s, is an example. But convergence methods have not generally found favors among linguists.
I: What is the fourth class?
J: The slow and rather static operation of these processes is complicated by another factor: linguistic replacement. That factor provides the basis for a fourth class of models. In many areas of the world the languages initially spoken by the indigenous people have come to be replaced, fully or partially, by languages spoken by people coming from outside.
I: Just like American Indians hardly use their original language right now. They speak English, instead.
J: Yes. Anyway, if this large complicating factor was not discovered, the world’s linguistic history would be described by the traditional view of an Ur-language, followed by the gradual, long-term workings of divergence and convergence. So linguistic replacement also has a key role in explaining the origins of the Indo-European languages.
I: I quite agree. Well, Joanna, thank you for giving us so much information on the origins of Indo-European languages.
J: My pleasure.
I: Next week, we will have Professor Linda Smith from Oxford University to tell us the development of English in recent decades. I will meet you then the same time. Bye-bye.
6. What do linguistic family trees mainly indicate?
7. How many classes of models are there in the development of languages?
8. When did the wave model formulate?
9. Which factor provides the basis for the fourth class of model?
10. What does Joanna think of the linguistic replacement factor in explaining the origins of the Indo-European languages?
选项
A、Language change according to a product-based view.
B、Language change according to a process-based view.
C、Tendency of differentiating languages.
D、Tendency of assimilating languages.
答案
B
解析
细节题。关于语言家谱,受访者说道:Besides that,most linguists think primarily in terms of linguistic family trees.They find it necessary to construct some explicit models of how language change might occur according to a process-based view.因此答案是选项B。
转载请注明原文地址:https://tihaiku.com/zcyy/3220736.html
相关试题推荐
[originaltext]M:Goodtoseeyou.W:Zooisalittlebitofafantasy.Iwould
[originaltext]M:Goodtoseeyou.W:Zooisalittlebitofafantasy.Iwould
[originaltext]M:Goodtoseeyou.W:Zooisalittlebitofafantasy.Iwould
[originaltext]W:Well.It’shard,youknow.M:So,thisisn’tgoingtobeanov
[originaltext]W:Well.It’shard,youknow.M:So,thisisn’tgoingtobeanov
[originaltext]W:Well.It’shard,youknow.M:So,thisisn’tgoingtobeanov
[originaltext]W:Well.It’shard,youknow.M:So,thisisn’tgoingtobeanov
[originaltext]M:(1)Withthehasslesoflifeandothertoughhoursintheday,
[originaltext]M:(1)Withthehasslesoflifeandothertoughhoursintheday,
[originaltext]M:(1)Withthehasslesoflifeandothertoughhoursintheday,
随机试题
Whatisthemainideaofthestory?[br]WhatwasPete’sattitudewhenhemwJea
自来水管用轻便消防水龙的工作压力为0.25MPa,直流射程≥5m、直流流量≥15
企业集团财务公司发行金融债券后,资本充足率不低于()。A.10% B.5
A.确定国家基本药物目录B.从宏观上进行医药经济管理C.对医疗保险用药品种、给付
结构受力如图所示。两杆的抗拉刚度EA相同。若节点A的水平位移为,节点A的竖直位移
园区公司应在股份挂牌报价转让前与证券登记结算机构签订证券登记服务协议,办理全部或
石榴皮既治久泻久痢、便血崩漏,又治A.脾虚久泻不止 B.湿热泻痢 C.蛔厥腹
流感病毒自1918年发生几次大的变异,引起世界性大的变异,这种变异属于A.耐药性
甲公司的生产经营存在季节性,每年的6月到10月是生产经营旺季,11月到次年5月是
采用趋势分析法对不同时期财务指标比较的方法有()。A.定基指数 B.循环指数
最新回复
(
0
)