首页
登录
职称英语
Chemistry did not emerge as a science until after the scientific revolution
Chemistry did not emerge as a science until after the scientific revolution
游客
2023-11-23
46
管理
问题
Chemistry did not emerge as a science until after the scientific revolution in the seventeenth century and then only rather slowly and laboriously. But chemical knowledge is as old as history, being almost entirely concerned with the practical arts of living. Cooking is essentially a chemical process; so is the melting of metals and the administration of drugs and potions. This basic chemical knowledge, which was applied in most cases as a rule of thumb, was nevertheless dependent on previous experiment. It also served to stimulate a fundamental curiosity about the processes themselves. New information was always being gained as artisans improved techniques to gain better results.
The development of a scientific approach to chemistry was, however, hampered by several factors. The most serious problem was the vast range of material available and the consequent difficulty of organizing it into some system. In addition, there were social and intellectual difficulties, chemistry is nothing if not practical; those who practice it must use their hands, they must have a certain practical flair. Yet in many ancient civilizations, practical tasks were primarily the province of a slave population. The thinker or philosopher stood apart from this mundane world, where the practical arts appeared to lack any intellectual content or interest.
The final problem for early chemical science was the element of secrecy. Experts in specific trades had developed their own techniques and guarded their knowledge to prevent others from stealing their livelihood. Another factor that contributed to secrecy was the esoteric nature of tile knowledge of alchemists, who were trying to transform base metals into gold or were concerned with the hunt for the elixir that would bestow the blessing of eternal life. In one sense, the second of these was the more serious impediment because the records of the chemical processes that early alchemists had discovered were often written down in symbolic language intelligible to very few or in symbols that were purposely obscure. [br] The underlined word "hampered" in Line 1 Para 2 is closest in meaning to _______.
选项
A、recognized
B、determined
C、solved
D、hindered
答案
D
解析
做这类题目时,首先找到该单词所在的位置,并把上下文的句子仔细研读。它们所提供的线索和提示会告诉我们这个陌生单词的意思。在这句话中的hamper的意思是“阻碍,挡住”。而在四个选项中,只有选项D hinder是这个意思。故本题的正确答案是D。
转载请注明原文地址:https://tihaiku.com/zcyy/3211195.html
相关试题推荐
PassageOneAccordingtotheauthor,whendoesculturebegintoemerge?When
OnFeb.2,2007,theUnitedNationsscientificpanelstudyingclimatechang
OnFeb.2,2007,theUnitedNationsscientificpanelstudyingclimatechang
OnFeb.2,2007,theUnitedNationsscientificpanelstudyingclimatechang
OnFeb.2,2007,theUnitedNationsscientificpanelstudyingclimatechang
OnFeb.2,2007,theUnitedNationsscientificpanelstudyingclimatechang
OnFeb.2,2007,theUnitedNationsscientificpanelstudyingclimatechang
Thesedays,sciencemayhavedissectedalmosteveryelementofourdiet,bu
Thesedays,sciencemayhavedissectedalmosteveryelementofourdiet,bu
Thesedays,sciencemayhavedissectedalmosteveryelementofourdiet,bu
随机试题
GeorgeWashington______.A、alwayswillandalwayshasbeenanAmericanheroB、alw
[originaltext]M:IhopeyouwillspendNewYear’sEvewithus.W:I’dloveto,
[originaltext]Thereisnodoubtthatadults,andevenhighlyeducatedadult
下列数中最大的数是()。
风险水平类指标不包括()。A.预期损失率 B.核心负债比例 C.不良贷款迁
2015年1-10月,上海原煤产量约为( )万吨。A.1340 B.
在城市规划中,城市抗震标准(即抗震设防烈度)依据( )确定。A.城市性质和功能
16世纪,英、法两国都进行了宗教改革,结果是()A.新教占主导地位 B.彻底改
关于静息电位的叙述,下列哪项是正确的?( )A.所有细胞的静息电位都是稳定的负
工程项目固定资产投资包括()。A.流动资金 B.建筑工程费 C.安装工
最新回复
(
0
)