2. 职称英语
  3. Ten years ago, Joe Allen began studying a diverse group of seventh graders n

Ten years ago, Joe Allen began studying a diverse group of seventh graders n

游客2023-11-08  18
问题     Ten years ago, Joe Allen began studying a diverse group of seventh graders near the University of Virginia, where he’s a professor. One of Allen’s main concerns was how these kids dealt with peer pressure, and how deeply they felt the pressure to conform to what the crowd was doing.
    According to every pop theory of adolescence, peer pressure is peril. Being able to resist it should be considered a sign of character strength. But a funny thing happened as Allen continued to follow these kids every year for the next 10 years: the kids who felt more peer pressure when they were 12 or 13 were turning out better.
    Notably, they had much higher-quality relationships with friends, parents, and romantic partners. Their need to fit in, in the early teens, later manifested itself as a willingness to accommodate—a necessary component of all reciprocal relationships. The self-conscious kid who spent seventh grade convinced that everyone was watching her learned to be attuned to subtle changes in others’ moods. Years down the road, that heightened sensitivity lead to empathy and social adeptness. Meanwhile, those kids who did not feel much peer pressure to smoke, drink, and shoplift in seventh grade didn’t turn out to be the independent-minded stars we’d imagine. Instead, what was notable about them was that within five years they had a much lower GPA(Grade-Point Average)—almost a full grade lower. The kid who could say no to his peers turned out to be less engaged, all around, socially and academically. Basically, if he was so detached that he didn’t care what his peers thought, he probably wasn’t motivated by what his parents or society expected of him, either.
    Allen has found that vulnerability(脆弱性)to peers’ influence can be just as much of an asset as it is a liability. Many of the pressures felt by teens pull them in a good direction—they feel pressure to do well in school, pressure to not act childish, and pressure to be athletic. "We think of susceptibility to peer pressure as only a danger, but, really, it’s out of peer pressure that boys learn to take showers and not come to school smelly.
    Allen—co-author of the forthcoming book Escaping the Endless Adolescence—has come to the conclusion that the dangers of peer pressure are somewhat overblown. Particularly when it comes to the archetypal(典型的)portrayal of peer pressure: kids forcing each other to experiment with drugs and alcohol. Allen argues that in those instances, more often than not, it isn’t peer pressure that is at work, but instead the operative factor is peer selection.
    "The pressure to smoke and drink is less than we thought, " concludes Allen. "To a parent, it seems like your child is suddenly smoking and drinking, and it’s reasonable to think this was caused by the new kids he’s been hanging out with the last month. But really, those who are about to smoke or drink pick other kids in a similar spot. " Teens give each other subtle cues that they’re ready to deviate: it could be nothing more than ignoring the Pledge of Allegiance(效忠誓言)or a well-timed snicker while the teacher’s at the blackboard. By the time one says, "Let’s hang out after school, " the plot is already in motion. [br] It is peer selection that is at work when______.
选项 A、kids try to get a higher score in school
B、kids stop the childish act like crying for things
C、boys take showers before going to school
D、kids compel each other to drug or drink
答案 D
解析 细节题。根据第五段最后两句“……孩子们强迫彼此去尝试毒品和酒精。……这不是同伴压力在起作用，而同伴选择才是其中起作用的因素。”可知，[D]”孩子们强迫彼此去吸毒或喝酒”正确。又由第四段后两句“很多青少年所感受到的压力引导他们向好的方向发展——他们感到压力而在学校表现很好，行为举止不再幼稚，而且会保持身体健壮。……正是同伴压力使得男孩子们学会冲个澡，而不是带着臭味去学校。”可知，[A]“孩子们争取在学校得更高的分数”、[B]“孩子们停止像哭着要东西这样的幼稚行为”和[C]”男孩子们去学校前洗个澡”都是同伴压力导致的结果，故排除。
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