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  3. Richard Satava, program manager for advanced medical technologies, has been

Richard Satava, program manager for advanced medical technologies, has been

游客2023-11-04  24
问题     Richard Satava, program manager for advanced medical technologies, has been a driving force in bringing virtual reality to medicine, where computers create a "virtual" or simulated environment for surgeons and other medical practitioners (从业者).
    "With virtual reality we’ll be able to put a surgeon in every trench," said Satava. He envisaged a time when soldiers who are wounded fighting overseas are put in mobile surgical units equipped with computers.
    The computers would transmit images of the soldiers to surgeons back in the U. S. The surgeons would look at the soldier through virtual reality helmets (头盔) that contain a small screen displaying the image of the wound. The doctors would guide robotic instruments in the battlefield mobile surgical unit that operate on the soldier.
    Although Satava’s vision may be years away from standard operating procedure, scientists are progressing toward virtual reality surgery. Engineers at an international organization in California are developing a tele-operating device. As surgeons watch a three-dimensional image of the surgery, they move instruments that are connected to a computer, which passes their movements to robotic instruments that perform the surgery. The computer provides feedback to the surgeon on force, textures, and sound.
    These technological wonders may not yet be part of the community hospital setting but increasingly some of the machinery is finding its way into civilian medicine. At Wayne State University Medical School, surgeon Lucia Zamorano takes images of the brain from computerized scans and uses a computer program to produce a 3-D image. She can then maneuver the 3-D image on the computer screen to map the shortest, least invasive surgical path to the tumor (肿瘤). Zamorano is also using technology that attaches a probe to surgical instruments so that she can track their positions. While cutting away a tumor deep in the brain, she watches the movement of her surgical tools in a computer graphics image of the patient’s brain taken before surgery.
    During these procedures operations that are done through small cuts in the body in which a miniature camera and surgical tools are maneuvered — surgeons are wearing 3-D glasses for a better view. And they are commanding robot surgeons to cut away tissue more accurately than human surgeons can.
    Satava says, "We are in the midst of a fundamental change in the field of medicine. " [br] According to Richard Satava, the application of virtual reality to medicine
选项 A、will enable surgeons to be physically present on every battlefield.
B、can raise the spirits of soldiers wounded on the battlefield.
C、will greatly improve medical conditions on the battlefield.
D、can shorten the time for operations on soldiers wounded on the battlefield.
答案 C
解析 第二段中，Satava提到有了virtual reality，就能够put a surgeon in every trench(把外科医生派到每道战壕里)，并且他设想伤员们可以被安置在mobile surgical units equipped with computers(配备了计算机的流动外科医疗队)里，结合这两点可推知，Satava认为虚拟现实技术在医学领域的应用将极大地改善战场上的医疗条件，因此答案为[C]。[A]与虚拟技术应用的情况恰恰相反。physically present意为“本人亲自到…”；[B]和[D]在文中未提及，不是答案。
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