首页
登录
职称英语
" How do you get out of an Icelandic forest? You stand up. " During five day
" How do you get out of an Icelandic forest? You stand up. " During five day
游客
2023-11-04
29
管理
问题
" How do you get out of an Icelandic forest? You stand up. " During five days spent in Iceland this fall, I heard locals tell this joke several times. The remark once made sense: Iceland was until recently a tree-deprived land, hosting instead an abundance of beautiful wide-open expanses, covered in volcanic rocks, glaciers and some grasses and shrubs. And while it still remains largely that way, trees and woodlands have been steadily returning the past several decades, and an Icelandic forestry industry is beginning to take root. That’s due in large part to a warming climate, which is helping many new types of trees grow here. Over the past 20 years, average temperatures have increased by almost 2 degrees Fahrenheit. As a result, trees are growing faster and new varieties are now found here that couldn’t survive before.
Adalsteinn Sigurgeirsson, head of research for the Icelandic forest service, has heard the joke thousands of times. The forest research center where he works is on the slopes of Mount Esja, a short drive outside of Reykjavik. On the way, we pass stands of black cotton wood on roadsides, coppices(矮林)of birch and conifers(针叶树)dotting hillsides. "When I was a kid we had much fewer trees—it was common knowledge that trees couldn’t grow in Reykjavik, and couldn’t grow in Iceland," he says. "And now look!"
Once at the center, we venture into the nearby woods, where trees tower several stories above us. Sigurgeirsson explains that woodlands have many benefits in Iceland: they provide for more biodiversity, create opportunities for recreational activities and reduce soil erosion. Newly planted forests have attracted colonies of goldcrests(Europe’s smallest bird), woodcocks and long-eared owls to the area. These are all ecologically important species that add to the island’s animal diversity, without being invasive and displacing native animals. Woodlands also provide places for Icelanders and tourists to enjoy nature: one recently planted woods called Heidmork near the city now hosts 600,000 visitors per year.
Trees also help prevent soil erosion, which has ravaged Iceland for decades. One study suggested that if Iceland’s rivers were forested, it would limit erosion and improve water quality enough that local populations of salmon would increase five-fold.
Long ago, before Vikings settled this North Atlantic isle in the ninth century, birch forests covered as much as 40 percent of the land. Unfortunately, the Vikings logged or burned most of the trees down within a few centuries. Then, as is common with volcanic soils with little vegetation, much of the land became eroded and barren, says SveinnRun61fsson, director of the country’s Soil Conservation Service. That helps explain why nearly a third of the countryis now considered a "moist desert"—there is enough rain to support plants and trees, but the sandy black soil cannot provide adequate support for roots, and some needed nutrients were leached away long ago.
By the early 20th century, there were virtually no woodlands left in Iceland. But now, trees are coming back. Woodlands now cover 1. 5 percent of the country, and 3.2 million trees were planted last year. Most of these trees were planted by farmers or landowners on private land. They’ve been largely funded by the government, which is spending to create forestry jobs, and to reap the rewards of benefits like erosion reduction, Sigurgeirsson says. This rash of planting began in 1990, and since then, more than 107 million tree seedlings have been put in the ground. [br] What was the main reason for the disappearance of forests in Iceland?
选项
A、The Vikings’ destroying.
B、The eruption of volcanoes.
C、Not enough rainfall.
D、The Increase of farmland.
答案
A
解析
细节题。由题干中的the disappearance of forests定位至第五段第二句。该句明确指出,由于维京人的砍伐和焚烧,冰岛的森林消失殆尽,故[A]为答案。
转载请注明原文地址:https://tihaiku.com/zcyy/3156298.html
相关试题推荐
Beforesuburbanizationwhichbeganduringtheemergenceoftheindustrialcity,
JeanWagner’smostenduringcontributiontothestudyofAfro-Americanpoetryis
Itwasduringsummerbreaksthatwefirsttastethesatisfactionworkthat______
Depressingreportsabouthowquicklytheworld’stropicalforestsarebeing
Depressingreportsabouthowquicklytheworld’stropicalforestsarebeing
AfterwaitingnearlyaweekasanIcelandicvolcanospewedturbine-mangling
AfterwaitingnearlyaweekasanIcelandicvolcanospewedturbine-mangling
Nooneappreciatedhisworkduringhislifetime,but_____itisclearthathewas
I_____himtheChristmasgiftbymailbecausehecamehomeduringtheChristmash
WhydomanytouristsvisitMuirwoodsratherthanotherredwoodsforests?A、Ithas
随机试题
Notmuchpeoplerealizethatappleshavebeencultivatedforover3,000years.A、
[originaltext]Today,Iamgoingtotalktoyousomethingaboutadvice.Advic
[originaltext]W:Well,Mr.Smith,I’velookedintoyourinvoiceandfoundoutw
膨胀水泥是指以适当比例的硅酸盐水泥或普通硅酸盐水泥、铝酸盐水泥等和天然二水石膏磨
进行区域降雨量计算常采用3种方法:A.算术平均法B.泰森多边形法C.等雨量线法。
患者女性,37岁,因“双侧乳房胀痛6个月”就诊。提问3:对于该患者,进一步的辅助
《普通高中语文课程标准(2017年版)》中,“旨在引导学生思考丰富多样的人类文化
动物园中有三种动物:骆驼、大象和猴子,它们的年龄均为整数。三个伙伴小张、小王和小
某企业于年初存入银行10000元,假定年利率为12%,每年复利两次,则第5年年末
建设工程造价指标测算常用的方法包括()。A.数据统计法 B.现场测算法 C
最新回复
(
0
)