Writing Public Speeches1. Speeches that informInformative speeches: to show,【T

Writing Public Speeches
    Good morning, everyone. Today we will talk about how to write public speeches. First, we’ll survey the three types of speeches, and then we’ll explore each speech in depth, so you’ll be able to write the speeches you need. Now, let’s look at each type of speech more closely.
    The first type is speeches that inform, [1]Informative speeches show, clarify, and inform. To give the audience the information they’ve come for, you need to learn how to focus on a topic, decide on an effective method of organization, [3]and include sufficient facts. Always start with the topic. As you plan your informative speech, ask yourself, "What is the one idea that I want to convey to my listeners?" That’s your theme. Effective themes should appeal to you as well as your audience. Once you’ve settled on a theme, it’s time to select a method of organization to make sure your speech conveys its purpose. [2]Possibilities include cause and effect problem and solution, chronological order, and numerical order. Moreover, informational speeches are content-oriented, but that doesn’t mean they’re dull or dry. [3]So specific facts are the backbone of any informational speech. To get the facts to back up your point, read widely on your topic. Check reference books, the Internet, and experts in the field.
    Now the second type is speeches that persuade. Persuasive speeches are designed [4]to move your audience to action. You can approach a persuasive speech from different angles. For example, you can use your own credibility to strengthen your argument. Or, you can [5]appeal to your audience’s emotions or reason. There are three basic types of persuasive speeches. The first type is speeches of fact. In this type of persuasive speech, you try to prove that something is or is not so, or that something did or did not happen. [6]In the second type, speeches of value, you try to prove good or bad, better or worse. The third type is speeches of policy. In this case, you try to prove that something should or should not be done.
    Now, let’s move onto the last type of public speeches, speeches that entertain. For centuries, speakers have been called upon to "say a few words" at various social events, such as club meetings, dinners, parties, graduations, weddings. [7]On these occasions, you’re speaking to fulfill a social need. When you write an entertaining speech, [8]always start by assessing your audience. You need to consider their likes and dislikes. After you complete your audience analysis, select a central theme, just as you do with informative and persuasive speeches. But remember that your audience just wants to have fun. [9]So your overall theme should be optimistic, uncomplicated and lively. However, every entertaining speech, [10]no matter how light and amusing, should have serious points.
    OK, today we look at the three types of public speeches and the approach of each type. I hope the talk today will help you write effective speeches.