首页
登录
职称英语
Three Systems of Memory1. Sensory memory■ Information held for less than 【T1】_
Three Systems of Memory1. Sensory memory■ Information held for less than 【T1】_
游客
2023-10-24
46
管理
问题
Three Systems of Memory
1. Sensory memory
■ Information held for less than 【T1】______ 【T1】______
■ 【T2】______ of senses stored briefly 【T2】______
■ Examples: 【T3】______ or door-closing sounds 【T3】______
2. Short-term memory or 【T4】______ 【T4】______
■ Information held for about 15 to 25 seconds
■ chunks of 【T5】______ information stored 【T5】______
■ Examples: telephone numbers, 【T6】______ and names 【T6】______
3. Long-term memory
■ Information held almost 【T7】______ 【T7】______
■ Information gets filed, 【T8】______, and stored 【T8】______
■ Two main categories
■ Declarative memory: 【T9】______ 【T9】______
■ 【T10】______ memory: skills and habits 【T10】______ [br] 【T8】
Three Systems of Memory
Psychologists have many theories to explain how we remember information. The most influential theory is that memory works as a kind of storage system, or storehouse, for information. According to this theory, there are three types of these storage systems with different functions that hold information for different amounts of time. These storage systems are sensory memory, short-term memory, and long-term memory.
Let’s start with the first storage system, sensory memory. It holds information for the shortest amount of time-- less than four seconds. An instant. Sensory memory is where stimuli, or things that stimulate our senses, are very briefly stored. We forget sensory memories almost instantly, unless they pass into another storage system. Examples of stimuli that usually go into sensory memory are things that we see and hear in the world such as a flash of lightning, or the sound of a door closing.
Now, let’s move on to the second storage system, short-term memory, which is also sometimes called "working memory". It holds information for about 15 to 25 seconds. This is not a very long time, but the information that passes into this system has more meaning for us than just sensory stimulation. It is not entirely clear how some sensory memories transfer into more meaningful short-term memories. However, it has been proven that memory going into this system is made up of "chunks," or groups, of meaningful information. It has been found that only around seven "chunks" of information can be stored in short-term memory. Therefore, there is not a lot of room for information in short-term memory, and it does not stay there for very long. Examples of the type of information that typically goes into short-term memory are telephone numbers, addresses, and names.
Finally, let’s look at the third story system, long-term memory, which holds information almost indefinitely, although retrieving it can sometimes be difficult. We can think of long-term memory as a very big library, or even a computer chip, with almost unlimited capacities for storage. Information gets filed, catalogued, and stored. Long-term memory has several different components, or modules, that correspond to separate memory systems in the brain. The main two categories of long-term memory are declarative memory and procedural memory. Declarative memory is where we store factual information, such as names, faces, and dates. Procedural memory is where we store memory of skills and habits, like how to ride a bike. Within declarative memory, there are two smaller categories of memory, namely, episodic memory and semantic memory. Episodic memory is where we place memories that relate to our personal lives, things we have done or experienced, such as having a car accident. Semantic memory is where we organize general knowledge or facts about the world, such as math formulas.
OK, to sum up, today we’ve taken a brief look at the three storage systems and their different functions of holding information for different amounts of time. Next time, we’ll look at some other aspects of psychology.
选项
答案
catalogued
解析
本题要求填入长时记忆中信息经过怎样的处理。录音提到,信息被归档(filed)、编目(catalogued)储存(stored),故本题填入catalogued,注意要使用过去分词。
转载请注明原文地址:https://tihaiku.com/zcyy/3125446.html
相关试题推荐
We______anyattemptstoinfiltratecompanynetworkstoobtainuserinformation
Thepolicehaveofferedalarge______forinformationleadingtotherobber’sa
Aparadoxofeducationisthatpresentinginformationinawaythatlookseas
Aparadoxofeducationisthatpresentinginformationinawaythatlookseas
Thenewversiongivestheuserquickandeasy______totherequiredinformationA
A.informationB.lawC.damageD.ensureE.secureF.initiallyG.particularly
A.informationB.lawC.damageD.ensureE.secureF.initiallyG.particularly
A.informationB.lawC.damageD.ensureE.secureF.initiallyG.particularly
A.informationB.lawC.damageD.ensureE.secureF.initiallyG.particularly
A.informationB.lawC.damageD.ensureE.secureF.initiallyG.particularly
随机试题
谷类种子中的营养素在各结构层的分布不同,其中,在谷类种子中,富含纤维素的是(
锤式破碎机存在多种危险有害因素,在使用过程中需要进行控制。下列选项中,说法错误的
石材螺旋形楼梯按弧形楼梯项目执行,其中人工乘以系数( )。A、0.6 B、0.
A.胃苓汤 B.疏凿饮子 C.麻黄连翘赤小豆汤 D.越婢加术汤 E.小蓟
在不同的国家,不同的时期,科技管理制度可以不同,可以创新,但有一项制度特别重要并
关于招标投标违法行为记录公告,下列说法正确的是()。A.公告只针对招标人和投标
期货公司()应当在风险监管报表上签字确认,并应当保证其真实、准确、完整。A.法
患者男,60岁。缺失3个月,残冠,已做根管充填。如果近中倾斜,采用固定桥修复的难
A.观察 B.脱敏 C.去除旧充填体,复合树脂重新充填 D.去除旧充填体,
(2020年真题)甲公司为增值税一般纳税人,2019年10月转让金融商品卖
最新回复
(
0
)