首页
登录
职称英语
Are Computers Alive? The topic of thought is one are
Are Computers Alive? The topic of thought is one are
游客
2023-10-20
80
管理
问题
Are Computers Alive?
The topic of thought is one area of psychology, and many observers have considered this aspect in connection with robots and computers: some of the old worries about AI—artificial intelligence— were closely linked to the question of whether computers could think. The first massive electronic computers, capable of rapid(if often unreliable)computation and little or no creative activity were soon called "electronic brains. " A reaction to this terminology quickly followed. To put them in their place, computers were called "high-speed idiots," an effort to protect human vanity. In such a climate, the possibility of computers actually being alive was rarely considered: it was bad enough that computers might be capable of thought. But not everyone realized the implications of the highspeed idiot tag. It has not been pointed out often enough that even the human idiot is one of the most intelligent life forms on Earth. If the early computers were even that intelligent, it was already a remarkable state of affairs.
One consequence of speculation about the possibility of computer thought was that we were forced to examine with new care the idea of thought in general. It soon became clear that we were not sure what we meant by such terms as thought and thinking. We tend to assume that human beings think, some more than others, though we often call people thoughtless or unthinking. Dreams cause a problem , partly because they usually happen outside our control. They are obviously some type of mental experience, but are they a type of thinking? And the question of nonhuman life forms adds further problems. Many of us would maintain that some of the higher animals—dogs, cats, apes, and so on—are capable of at least basic thought, but what about fish and insects? It is certainly true that the higher mammals show complex brain activity when tested with the appropriate equipment. If thinking is demonstrated by evident electrical activity in the brain, then many animal species are capable of thought. Once we have formulated clear ideas on what thought is in bio-logical creatures, it will be easier to discuss the question of thought in artifacts(人工制品). And what is true of thought is also true of many other mental processes. One of the immense benefits of AI research is that we are being forced to check carefully the working of the human mind.
It is already clear that machines have superior mental abilities to many life forms. No fern or oak tree can play chess as well as even the simplest digital computer: nor can frogs weld(焊接)car bodies as well as robots. The mechanical manipulator is cleverer in some ways than the three-toed sloth(树獭). It seems that, viewed in terms of intellect, the computer should be set well a-bove plants and most animals. Only the higher animals can, it seems, compete with computers with regard to intellect—and even then with diminishing success.(Examples of this are in the games of chess. Some of the world’s best players are now computers.) [br] What does the author say about machines thinking?
选项
A、It is somewhat possible.
B、It is totally impossible.
C、It will not be realized too soon.
D、It may surpass human thinking someday.
答案
A
解析
文章第三段第一句提到It is already clear that machines have superior mental abilities tomany life forms。由此可知选项A正确。
转载请注明原文地址:https://tihaiku.com/zcyy/3114270.html
相关试题推荐
Thelatestdiscs,usedforsmallportablecomputers,________3600timesaminute
Itwasreally________ofyoutoremembermybirthday.A、gratefulB、thoughtfulC、co
PassageOne[br]Whatdoestheauthormeanbysaying"butthoughtbetterofit"
Hereadwidelybutseldomthoughtdeeply,sohisapparentlearningisreallyqui
Wedonotusuallygivemuchthoughttohowthethingsthatsurroundusinou
Wedonotusuallygivemuchthoughttohowthethingsthatsurroundusinou
Wedonotusuallygivemuchthoughttohowthethingsthatsurroundusinou
Aftersecondthought,she______abettersolution.A、cameupwithB、addeduptoC、
Thedetectivethoughttheguiltypartytobe______becauseIhadthestrongestmo
Theythoughttheycould______foranotherweekwithoutmorefood.A、keepB、lastC、
随机试题
Intheearlydaysofjournalism,newswasputtogetherbymostlyanonymousindivi
IntheNationalZoowecanfind______animalsthatrangefromlargebeaststoSm
【B1】[br]【B2】[originaltext]Areyouafraidtoraiseyourhandsinclass,ev
施工人员发现作业环境、作业条件、作业程序和作业方式不符合安全标准、违反安全操作规
在高效液相色谱的测定方法中,公式C(含量)=适用的方法是A.内标法 B.外标法
教学重点是指教材中最重要、最基本的教学内容。化学教学重点确定的依据不包括()
根据上述材料可以推出的是:A.2021年1季度第二产业增加值占当季度GD
2015年8月,为筹建纪念中国人民抗日战争及世界反法西斯战争胜利70周年,国务院
在银行风险管理流程中,风险控制是对经过识别和计量的风险采取()等措施,进行有效管
对于尚未达到预定可使用状态的无形资产,应当在其出现减值迹象时,进行减值测试。()
最新回复
(
0
)