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  3. Are there really those who are night people and those who are day people, or

Are there really those who are night people and those who are day people, or

游客2023-10-17  78
问题     Are there really those who are night people and those who are day people, or is that simply a routine that can be changed? Scientists are conducting various studies designed to discover definitive answers to these questions and have come up with some very interesting results.

    Approximately 80% of people are in the middle of the day/ night spectrum. They only slightly favour one side or the other and might shift between the two according to circumstances. It is starting to look like the remaining 20% are what could be termed ’extremes’. Around 10% are extreme night people or ENP, and the other 10% are extreme day people or EDP. The ENP do not achieve their top performance levels until around late afternoon, becoming very alert and productive around six in the evening. The EDP are the complete opposite. They clearly get going in the morning and hit their peak around noon.
    All of this is caused by what are called ’ circadian rhythms’ which is basically a 24-hour cycle that governs the transition from waking to sleeping and back again. If someone wants to increase their productivity then it is useful to determine with certainty where they are in this spectrum. But how do they do that? Circadian rhythm works by regulating body temperatures and hormones. The two major hormones are ’ melatonin’ and ’ Cortisol’. The former increases just before it is time to sleep and the latter increases just before the first moves back to consciousness. Body temperatures go down through the night, the core body heat at its lowest in the middle of the night, and increase to wake a person up. Therefore, when these chemical changes are occurring helps to determine whether someone is a night person or a day person. So by monitoring those changes scientists are a-ble to determine a person’s natural tendencies.
    In most people, however, those tendencies are not static. They keep changing as people age and can also be affected by social changes. As people get older they require less sleep so they produce lower amounts of hormone. Travel and work affect how people experience the need for sleep. The demands of the university life are very different from the demands that most middle-aged adults deal with on a day-to-day basis. Ultimately people need to monitor themselves, how they feel and how well they perform. Working at night and sleeping late might work right now, but later it may just turn out to be exactly the reverse.
Questions 56 -60
Decide the following statements are true(T)or false(F)according to the passage. [br] Circadian rhythm is a biological rhythm that is more or less synchronized with a 24-hour cycle. ( )
选项 A、TRUE
B、FALSE
答案 A
解析 文章第三段开头一句提到，生理节律基本上是24小时循环的。因此本题表述的内容与原文相符。
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