2. 职称英语
  3. In 1971 , a group of doctors got together in France and created an organizat

In 1971 , a group of doctors got together in France and created an organizat

游客2023-10-15  27
问题     In 1971 , a group of doctors got together in France and created an organization called Medecins Sans Frontieres, or MSF, which 【C1】______ (translate)as Doctors Without Borders. These doctors believed that all people have the right to medical care, whatever their race, religion, or political affiliation, and that meeting their needs is more important than 【C2】______ (respect)national borders. The doctors wanted to give emergency aid to victims of war, epidemics, and disasters, whether natural or 【C3】hu______in origin. To do this they organized volunteer teams of health care workers to go to often dangerous and remote areas.

    At first, Doctors Without Borders was a very small organization. It consisted 【C4】______volunteers lived on money they earned from other jobs. Other international organizations considered the volunteers from Doctors Without Borders to be "amateurs" or "tourists". The organization did not grow very much because the volunteers did not ask for charity from the public for their service.
    After 1978, because of world conflicts and the growth of refugee camps everywhere, the organization’s activities 【C5】spr______like the roots of a tree. Doctors Without Borders began to take a more professional approach. It realized it needed funds and started to use the kinds of fund-raising techniques used in American political campaigns. This seemed to work well, and with the money it 【C6】______(raise), Doctors Without Borders organized itself better and got better technology for dealing with emergencies. First, it began to pay an administrator and to give a small a-mount of money to doctors who were sent out for six months. Expanding from its origins in France, it 【C7】dev______sections in other countries - first in Belgium, Switzerland, the Netherlands, and Spain, and later in other countries such as Australia and Canada. To encourage people to join the organization and give stability to its volunteers, it began to pay the doctors who worked in the headquarters, to give travel allowances, and to give a 【C8】stip______of $700 a month to doctors who worked on long-term missions in the field. Since the 1980s, the number of doctors and nurses joining the organization has increased. In 1987, a U. S. branch of Doctors Without Borders was 【C9】est______in New York to allow American doctors to become involved. Having trained and worked in an organized and advanced medical system, American doctors wanted to see how big an impact their skills could have in a less developed country.
    Doctors Without Borders is independent and flexible in its operation because it is not funded by any government. 【C10】Al______the organization has its origins in France, it receives less than one percent of its total budget from the French government. It is a nonprofit organization that gets its funds from donations by the public. [br] 【C9】
选项
答案 established
解析 (根据上下文，这里开始谈到美国纽约成立的无国界医生组织分部，故填established。)
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