首页
登录
职称英语
Sitting in stationary traffic is, at best, a Zen experience. Drivers mired i
Sitting in stationary traffic is, at best, a Zen experience. Drivers mired i
游客
2023-10-13
64
管理
问题
Sitting in stationary traffic is, at best, a Zen experience. Drivers mired in a jam learn to cede control to the powers that be, becoming at one with the universe as they breathe in the mind-numbing fumes all around. At worst, it is an on-going battle for sanity. But now, according to several groups of researchers in America and Germany, there is something that drivers can do to take back control over the roads. Get adaptive cruise control. And, of course, use it.
Adaptive cruise control (ACC) , as its name suggests, is a modified version of traditional cruise control. It employs radar to monitor the road ahead of a vehicle, automatically adjusting that vehicle’ s speed to maintain a safe distance from the one in front. This is safer than manual driving because it reduces the system’ s reaction time from nearly a second (human) to practically instantaneous (machine) , thus helping to forestall shunts. But ACC may have a useful side-effect, arising from the fact that another effect of slow human reaction times is to produce traffic jams on apparently open roads.
Such jams start when a car slows suddenly to allow, for example, another vehicle to enter the traffic stream. Slow reaction times mean that instead of responding smoothly, the drivers behind such a vehicle often end up slamming on the brakes. That skimming propagates backwards, and before long (he traffic is at a standstill. So it makes sense that ACC would reduce not only collisions, but also congestion. What is unexpected is how few vehicles need to have it operating for all to benefit. As Craig Davis of the University of Michigan reports in Physical Review E, only 20% of cars need to employ ACC in order to present completely those jams that are caused by a slow lead car on a high-speed, single-lane road. According to Dr. Davis’ s computer model, even a rate of use of ACC as low as 13% can improve the flow of traffic significantly.
ACC is not a panacea. Dr. Davis got less promising results for more complex, road conditions, particularly those near junctions. And a .similar model built by Boris Kernel’, a researcher for Daimler Chrysler, in Stuttgart, Germany, indicates that in certain bottleneck conditions, ACC may even cause extra congestion. These disappointing results can, however, be ameliorated by shortening the "headway" in ACC-equipped vehicles, according to Martin. Treiber of the Dresden University of Technology’, also in Germany.
Headway is the gap, measured in seconds, that a driver puts between himself and the car ahead. Since ACC reacts more quickly than a human, people who have it fitted can afford to allow less headway.
Summary :
Stationary traffic can drive people mad. However, according to American and German researchers, adaptive cruise control (ACC) can help drivers take【71】. ACC adapts a car’s speed to keep a sale distance from the one ahead by using radar to monitor the road ahead. ACC is safer than manual driving because is significantly reduces the system’s【72】, and collisions and congestion in addition. According to Dr. Davis’ computer model, if【73】of cars use ACC, the flow of traffic can be improved significantly. However, ACC should not be seen as a panacea. In【74】conditions, it may even cause extra jams, according to a computer model. But this situation can be improved by reducing【75】in ACC-equipped vehicles. [br]
选项
答案
complex road/bottleneck
解析
(第四段开头,Dr.Davis got less promising results for more complex road conditions,即更复杂的路况下,Dr. Davis的实验结果就不那么鼓舞人心了。答案也可从下句得出,即And a similar model...indicates that in certain bottleneck conditions.ACC may even cause extra congestion。)
转载请注明原文地址:https://tihaiku.com/zcyy/3095657.html
相关试题推荐
Morethantenpercentofmotorwaydeathsarecausedbydriversfallingsleep
Morethantenpercentofmotorwaydeathsarecausedbydriversfallingsleep
Morethantenpercentofmotorwaydeathsarecausedbydriversfallingsleep
Morethantenpercentofmotorwaydeathsarecausedbydriversfallingsleep
Morethantenpercentofmotorwaydeathsarecausedbydriversfallingsleep
Morethantenpercentofmotorwaydeathsarecausedbydriversfallingsleep
Morethantenpercentofmotorwaydeathsarecausedbydriversfallingsleep
Plentyofdriverscomplainaboutrushhourtraffic,butsomehavemoretocompla
Nora:You’relate.Nowwe’llmissthemovie.Alex:______Iwasstuckintraffic
Nora:You’relate.Nowwe’llmissthemovie.Alex:______Iwasstuckintraffic
随机试题
•Readthearticleaboutmanagementbuyoutsofcompanies.•Choosethebest
However,growthinthefabricatedmetalsindustrywasableto______someofthed
IntotheUnknownTheWorldHasNeverSeenP
Itisestimatedthatapproximately350,000managersareneededinChina.Wit
Theaimofajobinterviewistoestablishwhetheryouarelikelytodowell
在相互依赖关系的类型中,依赖关系最为复杂的是()A.联营式关系 B.顺序式关
系统的总储存能包括内储存能和外储存能,其中外储存能是指( )。A.宏观动能+
天花采用A.血液体液隔离B.接触隔离C.呼吸道隔离D.严密隔离E.保护隔离
重金属的检查采用微孔滤膜法(第四法)的目的在于A.滤除所含有色物质 B.提高检
下述咀嚼运动的功能刺激,在正常建的作用中哪点不正确A.促进建立中性关系 B.通
最新回复
(
0
)