DictationListen to the passage. For questions 21—25, fill in the blanks with th

Dictation
Listen to the passage. For questions 21—25, fill in the blanks with the exact words or phrases you hear.
Relationships between students in the classroom can be cooperative or competitive. International students should not hesitate to ask for help if it is needed. There are courses, however, where grades are calculated in relation to other students’ scores. Therefore, in classes where such a grading "curve" is used, students may be reluctant to share lecture notes or information for fear that their own grades will suffer. There are other reasons for the presence of competition among students. A high grade point average is needed for entrance to superior graduate schools. Students feel pressure to achieve high grades when there are relatively few openings in graduate programs. In addition, when facing a competitive job market, graduates may be judged on the basis of their grade point average and faculty recommendations. Ultimately, it is the student who is responsible for succeeding in this competitive system. The university classroom in the United States manifests cultural values through professors and students’ expectations and attitudes. Competition is an example of only one value. Educational practices such as the honor system and student participation indicate a respect for individual responsibility and independence. Alternative, teaching methods show a cultural preference for innovation. The manner in which education is provided in any country reflects basic cultural and social beliefs of that country.