首页
登录
职称英语
[img]2016m3s/ct_eyyjsaz2013c_eyyjsaread_0039_20163[/img] In the past, most c
[img]2016m3s/ct_eyyjsaz2013c_eyyjsaread_0039_20163[/img] In the past, most c
游客
2023-10-12
48
管理
问题
In the past, most cities usually were the natural outgrowth of villages and towns that happened to prosper. Rome started out as a small village, as did Athens, Paris, London and New York. Of course, there were exceptions to this general rule. In ancient times, Alexandria in E-gypt, and Saint Petersburg, were both planned cities. But for the most part, cities throughout history were not the products of deliberate thought.
Today the reverse is true.
Many nations, alarmed by the urban sprawl that has been gobbling up farmland and open countryside, and appalled by the staggering urban problems in the central cities, have begun building new cities that are specifically designed to meet modern needs.
Britain has long been a pioneer in planning new cities. As the first nation to become industrialized and urbanized, it faced traffic, slums and pollution long before anyone else. In 1898 an Englishman , Sir Ebenezer Howard, published a book called To-morrow: a Peaceful Path to Real Reform, in which he advocated a new form of urban growth and organization: the "garden city". Such a city combined the beauty of nature—trees, grass, sunshine and fresh air—with all the advantages of city living, including an abundance of jobs, social and cultural centres and good shopping facilities. The garden city was to be fairly small in size and the inhabitants would have easy access to the countryside, while at the same time they would be close to their work.
In 1899 Howard organized the Garden City Association and in 1903 and 1920 he built the first and the second garden city, Letchworth and Welwyn Garden City. These projects encountered many difficulties and failed to arouse widespread enthusiasm. Nevertheless, both Welwyn and Letchworth survived and grew, and in later years—particularly after World War II—British planners looked at them with renewed interest.
The war had given the British a painful lesson in the weakness of modern, heavily populated cities. Cities were not the places of refuge they had once been. On the contrary, the invention of the aeroplane had made them the most vulnerable targets for attack. Aerial warfare made it clear that people were far safer outside the great urban centres. It was better not to concentrate so much of the population and industrial resources in a few large cities, but to spread them out into many smaller towns and cities. Fast, modern transportation methods made such dispersal possible.
Furthermore , these new towns—modeled on Howard’s garden cities—could also drain off the surplus population of the large cities, relieving the overcrowded conditions, housing shortages, slums and traffic jams that plagued them.
[br] Furthermore, these new towns—modeled on Howard’s garden cities—could also drain off the surplus population of the large cities, relieving the overcrowded conditions, housing shortages, slums and traffic jams that plagued them.
选项
答案
而且这些以霍华德的花园城市为原型的新型城镇,可以分散大城市中的剩余人口,对困扰着人们的过分拥挤的状况、住房短缺、贫民窟和交通堵塞起到了缓解作用。
解析
转载请注明原文地址:https://tihaiku.com/zcyy/3092412.html
相关试题推荐
Whatnumbershouldreplacethequestionmark?[img]2016m3s/ct_eyyjsaz2014j_eyyjs
Whichoftheseistheoddoneout?[img]2016m3s/ct_eyyjsaz2014j_eyyjsaiq_0386_20
Whichpatterncontinuesorcompletesthegivenseries?[img]2016m3s/ct_eyyjsaz20
Whichnumberreplacesthequestionmark?[img]2016m3s/ct_eyyjsaz2011c_eyyjsaiq_0
[img]2016m3s/ct_eyyjsaz2013j_eyyjsaread_0551_20163[/img]Chesshaschangeda
[img]2016m3s/ct_eyyjsaz2013j_eyyjsaread_0551_20163[/img]Chesshaschangeda
[img]2016m3s/ct_eyyjsaz2013c_eyyjsaread_0039_20163[/img]Inthepast,mostc
[img]2016m3s/ct_eyyjsaz2013c_eyyjsaread_0039_20163[/img]Inthepast,mostc
[img]2018m11s/ct_eyyjsaz2017j_eyyjsaread_0120_201809[/img]Therewasatimei
[img]2018m11s/ct_eyyjsaz2017j_eyyjsaread_0120_201809[/img]Therewasatimei
随机试题
IntheUnitedStatesandinmany【51】countriesaroundtheworld,thereare
BythetimeBobarrivesinBeijing,wehavealreadyarrivedherefortwodays.A、
GeneralIdeasaboutRhetoricI.Thedefinition&unders
TherecessionistakingaserioustollonAmericanretail,bute-commerceco
某客户打算购买基金,由于对基金不了解,特征询理财规划师的建议。()是指通常在一
某些房地产的购买者购买房地产的目的不是为了自己使用,而是为了获得租金收入,这种购
共用题干 某市一个商业区内有两家经营十分成功的商业企业。甲企业为大型连锁超级市
采用稳定战略的企业适宜采用的薪酬结构是( )。A.无基本薪酬,只支付奖金 B
关于墩台基础,下列说法正确的是()。A.当地基浅层地质较差,持力土层埋藏较深时可
某建设项目建设期是3年,其贷款分年拨付,三年贷款额分别为300万元、40
最新回复
(
0
)