2. 职称英语
  3. Beginning in the 1950s and 1960s, Japan began developing a reputation for its

Beginning in the 1950s and 1960s, Japan began developing a reputation for its

游客2023-10-10  29
问题    Beginning in the 1950s and 1960s, Japan began developing a reputation for its longevity. By the 1970s, the Japanese were the longest lived of any population in the world. Although genetic predispositions and cultural factors like diet certainly contributed to the long life span of the Japanese, it was the country’s kaihoken, or universal health care, that was largely responsible for boosting quality of life and increasing the country’s life expectancy. In recognition of 50 years of kaihoken, the medical journal Lancet recently published a special issue exploring Japanese longevity. Unfortunately, it’s not all good news.
   Even though Japan continues to have the highest life expectancy in the world, it is on track to be outpaced by other long-lived countries, like Sweden, Italy and Australia. Researchers believe that relatively high rates of tobacco use, changes in diet that have raised body-mass index, and the rising rate of suicide are contributing to Japan’s slowing declines in rates of adult mortality (死亡率). "If recent trends continue, other nations are likely to achieve lower rates of adult mortality than Japan," said Professor Christopher Murray of the Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle. He added that Japan’s universal health care system may not be sufficiently nimble enough to address mounting 21st-century health problems. "In an era of economic stagnation, political turmoil (混乱), aging populations and inadequate tobacco control, Japan does not seem to be effective in addressing its new set of health challenges. It will take more than universal access to a low-spending, high-volume health system to tackle these challenges."
   Physical illness is not the only drag on the country’s life expectancy: more than 30 000 Japanese people take their own lives each year, perhaps the continuing aftereffect of the 1997 financial crisis. Still, the biggest health challenge facing the Japanese is related to lifestyle factors like cigarette smoking, obesity and uncontrolled blood pressure—all of which contribute to chronic health problems that tax the public health care system. That system is already strained by the demands of an aging populace (人口) and by injuries associated with recent natural disasters. [br] What does Christopher Murray think about Japan’s universal health care system?
选项 A、It can help solve most health problems facing Japan in the future.
B、It should be completely replaced by a new set of system as soon as possible.
C、It may not be effective enough to tackle new challenges in this century.
D、It has to obtain more financial support from the government.
答案 C
解析 由题干中的Christopher Murray和universal health care system定位到第二段最后三句。定位句表明，克里斯托弗-默里认为，日本的全民医疗保健体系也许不足以灵活应对21世纪不断增加的健康问题，因为有许多新的健康挑战，如经济停滞、政治混乱、人口老龄化和烟草控制不力等，故C)为正确答案。
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