首页
登录
职称英语
Some people are accustomed to thinking that facts must either be believed or
Some people are accustomed to thinking that facts must either be believed or
游客
2023-09-16
56
管理
问题
Some people are accustomed to thinking that facts must either be believed or they must be disbelieved—as if beliefs were like a light switch with only two positions, on or off. My use of the bathtub hoax is intended to illustrate that belief does not have to operate as a simple yes or no choice, all or nothing. Belief can be more conditional; it can be something that we decide to have "up to a point" or "to a degree". And so, the question we might ask ourselves while reading does not have to be "Should I believe ’it or not?" but instead can be "How much should I believe it?" This later question implies that the belief we have in any given fact, or in any given idea, is not determined by whether it sounds right or whether the source is an authority. It means that our beliefs are determined by the reasons that justify them.
Belief is not a mechanical action, brought about by invariable rules of nature. It is a human activity, the exercise of judgment. With this in mind, we might say that we perform this action better when we know what the reasons are that have led to our belief, and why they are good reasons. These observations do not deprive us of our ability to believe in what we read. They are not intended to transform you from credulous believers into stubborn doubters.
The process of weighing beliefs against the quality of reasons is one that you already go through all the time, whether you are aware of it or not. We all do. The practice of critical reading is the exercise of this kind of judgment on purpose. By doing it, we protect ourselves from being led into belief for inadequate reasons, but at the same time we open up our minds to the possibility of arriving at belief for adequate ones. If we decide to grant or withhold consent based on the quality of the reasons that we are given, we admit at the same time that two things are possible: We admit that we might consent less in the future if we discover that the reasons are not so good after all; and we admit that we might consent more if we are ever presented with better reasons than we had formerly known. This attitude is not pure skepticism any more than it is pure credulity. It is somewhere in between. It is the attitude of an open-minded thinker, of someone who wishes to be responsible for deciding for herself or himself what to believe.
选项
A、belief is nothing but a light switch
B、facts must be believed unconditionally
C、nothing should be believed or disbelieved
D、belief is more than a simple yes or no choice
答案
D
解析
原文第一段第二句讲述了其用意所在;用来说明看法并不能简单地分为“对”或“不对”(intended to illustrate that belief does not have to operate as a simple yes or no choice…),故选D。A和B的观点都是作者所要反对的。C的内容过于绝对。与文章内容不符。
转载请注明原文地址:https://tihaiku.com/zcyy/3018890.html
相关试题推荐
[originaltext]M:(8)Icanseefromyourresumethatyoulikemeetingpeoplean
Manypeoplewholiveincitiessaythattheydislikecitylife.Theysaythe
Manypeoplewholiveincitiessaythattheydislikecitylife.Theysaythe
Manypeoplewholiveincitiessaythattheydislikecitylife.Theysaythe
Mostoftheretiredpeoplearehappy_____theirquietlifeinthecountryside.A、t
Themorechallengingthejourneyis,the(happy)______theyoungpeoplewillfeel.
Manypeoplehavefound_____uncomfortabletoholdthesamepositionforalongti
Americansdependontheircarsmorethananyotherpeople.Thefamilycarha
Americansdependontheircarsmorethananyotherpeople.Thefamilycarha
Ofallthepeoplearoundme,mymotheristhedearestIloveherandIenjoy
随机试题
Itwasthedistrictsportsmeeting.Myfootstillhadn’thealed(痊愈)froma(n
克隆人、千年虫、互联网……我们触目所见的许多东西都在挑战我们的思维和传统。虽然我们应当有勇气来接受和不断地超越人类的局限,可是并非一切发展都无懈可击。无
按建设项目的投资效益和市场需求分类,工程项目不包括()。A.竞争性项目 B.盈
下列除哪项外均为门脉高压症的临床表现()A.外周静脉压升高 B.腹壁
治疗肝肾阴虚所致胁痛的代表方剂是A.天台乌药散 B.六味地黄丸 C.痛泻要方
根据下列图文回答: 2004年某省种植业结构继续调整,粮食作物的种植面
医患双方要遵守共同的道德规范不包括A.互相关爱和帮助B.互相理解和信任C.互相学
2012年,浙江省工商服务类社会团体的数量约占社会组织数量的:() A.8
下列哪种分析方法是利用统计、数值模拟和其他定量模型进行证券市场相关研究的一种方
2015年4月30日,中共中央政治局会议审议通过的《京津冀协同发展规划纲要
最新回复
(
0
)