首页
登录
职称英语
Some people are accustomed to thinking that facts must either be believed or
Some people are accustomed to thinking that facts must either be believed or
游客
2023-09-16
35
管理
问题
Some people are accustomed to thinking that facts must either be believed or they must be disbelieved—as if beliefs were like a light switch with only two positions, on or off. My use of the bathtub hoax is intended to illustrate that belief does not have to operate as a simple yes or no choice, all or nothing. Belief can be more conditional; it can be something that we decide to have "up to a point" or "to a degree". And so, the question we might ask ourselves while reading does not have to be "Should I believe ’it or not?" but instead can be "How much should I believe it?" This later question implies that the belief we have in any given fact, or in any given idea, is not determined by whether it sounds right or whether the source is an authority. It means that our beliefs are determined by the reasons that justify them.
Belief is not a mechanical action, brought about by invariable rules of nature. It is a human activity, the exercise of judgment. With this in mind, we might say that we perform this action better when we know what the reasons are that have led to our belief, and why they are good reasons. These observations do not deprive us of our ability to believe in what we read. They are not intended to transform you from credulous believers into stubborn doubters.
The process of weighing beliefs against the quality of reasons is one that you already go through all the time, whether you are aware of it or not. We all do. The practice of critical reading is the exercise of this kind of judgment on purpose. By doing it, we protect ourselves from being led into belief for inadequate reasons, but at the same time we open up our minds to the possibility of arriving at belief for adequate ones. If we decide to grant or withhold consent based on the quality of the reasons that we are given, we admit at the same time that two things are possible: We admit that we might consent less in the future if we discover that the reasons are not so good after all; and we admit that we might consent more if we are ever presented with better reasons than we had formerly known. This attitude is not pure skepticism any more than it is pure credulity. It is somewhere in between. It is the attitude of an open-minded thinker, of someone who wishes to be responsible for deciding for herself or himself what to believe.
选项
A、belief is nothing but a light switch
B、facts must be believed unconditionally
C、nothing should be believed or disbelieved
D、belief is more than a simple yes or no choice
答案
D
解析
原文第一段第二句讲述了其用意所在;用来说明看法并不能简单地分为“对”或“不对”(intended to illustrate that belief does not have to operate as a simple yes or no choice…),故选D。A和B的观点都是作者所要反对的。C的内容过于绝对。与文章内容不符。
转载请注明原文地址:https://tihaiku.com/zcyy/3018890.html
相关试题推荐
[originaltext]M:(8)Icanseefromyourresumethatyoulikemeetingpeoplean
Manypeoplewholiveincitiessaythattheydislikecitylife.Theysaythe
Manypeoplewholiveincitiessaythattheydislikecitylife.Theysaythe
Manypeoplewholiveincitiessaythattheydislikecitylife.Theysaythe
Mostoftheretiredpeoplearehappy_____theirquietlifeinthecountryside.A、t
Themorechallengingthejourneyis,the(happy)______theyoungpeoplewillfeel.
Manypeoplehavefound_____uncomfortabletoholdthesamepositionforalongti
Americansdependontheircarsmorethananyotherpeople.Thefamilycarha
Americansdependontheircarsmorethananyotherpeople.Thefamilycarha
Ofallthepeoplearoundme,mymotheristhedearestIloveherandIenjoy
随机试题
(Where)didtheaccident(inwhich)yourfriend(washurt)(tookplace)?A、Where
[originaltext]M:HaveyoueverusedanyoftheservicesofferedbytheCareerS
金属波纹管扁形管内径(mm)表示方式为()。A.长轴尺寸 B.短轴尺寸 C
高分子防水卷材从每批产品中的1~3卷中取样,在距端部300mm处截取约3m,用于
A.飞沫传播 B.注射传播 C.虫媒传播 D.食物传播 E.疫水接触传播
A.肥厚型梗阻性心肌病 B.扩张型心肌病 C.心包积液 D.风湿性心瓣膜病
在我国居民消费价格月指数中,比上月下降的月份有:A.0个 B.2个
根据下列资料,回答下列问题。2013年1~7月份,某市规模以上工业增加值同比增长
票面金额为100元的2年期债券,第一年支付利息6元,第二年支付利息6元,当前市场
智育的主要内容和任务包括传授知识、发展技能、培养自主性和创造性。其根本任务是(
最新回复
(
0
)