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  3. The term investment portfolio conjures up visions of the truly rich the Rock

The term investment portfolio conjures up visions of the truly rich the Rock

游客2023-09-14  16
问题     The term investment portfolio conjures up visions of the truly rich the Rockefellers, the Wal-Mart Waltons, Bill Gates. But today, everyone—from the Philadelphia firefighter, his part-time receptionist wife and their three children, to the single Los Angeles lawyer starting out on his own needs a portfolio.
    A portfolio is simply a collection of financial assets. It may include real estate, rare stamps and coins, precious metals and even artworks. But those are for people with expertise. What most of us need to know about are stocks, bonds and cash (including such cash equivalents as money-market funds).
    How do you decide what part of your portfolio should go to each of the big three? Begin by understanding that stocks pay higher returns but are more risky; bonds and cash pay lower returns but are less risky.
    Research by Ibbotson Associates, for example, shows that large-company stocks, on average, have returned 11.2 percent annually since 1926. Over the same period, by comparison, bonds have returned an annual average of 5.3 percent and cash, 3.8 percent.
    But short-term risk is another matter. In 1974, a one-year $1000 investment in the stock market would have declined to $ 735.
    With bonds, there are two kinds of risk: that the borrower won’t pay you back and that the money you’11 get won’ t be worth very much. The U.S. government stands behind treasury bonds, so the credit risk is almost nil. But the inflation risk remains. Say you buy a $1000 bond maturing in ten years. If inflation averages about seven percent over that time, then the $1000 you receive at maturity can only buy $ 500 worth of today’ s goods.
    With cash, the inflation risk is lower, since over a long period you can keep rolling over your CDs every year ( or more often), ff inflation rises, interest rates rise to compensate.
    As a result, the single most important rule in building a portfolio is this: If you don’ t need the money for a long time, then put it into stocks. If you need it soon, put it into bonds and cash.  [br] Which of the following statements will the author support?
选项 A、Everybody can get rich with some financial assets.
B、The credit risk for treasury bonds is extremely high.
C、It’s no use trying to know the advantages of stocks, bonds and cash.
D、Everybody should realize the importance of distribution of their financial assets.
答案 D
解析 这类题应在理解文章的基础上，着重比较四个选项，采取排除法。A“只要有—‘些财产，每个人都可以致富”，凭常识判断这句话本身就不对，更与作者想要介绍投资渠道的必要性和方法相悖；B“购买国债的信誉风险极高”，这句话与“The U．S，government stands behind treasury bonds，so the credit risk is almost nil。”意思完全相反；C“了解股票、债券和现金的优势并无用处”，这与作者的观点相反；D“每个人都应该意识到金融财产重新分配的重要性。”这正是第一段作者所说的“每个人都可以根据自己的需要采用不同的投资方式致富”的前提。故选D。
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