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  3. The American economic system is organized around a basically private enterpr

The American economic system is organized around a basically private enterpr

游客2023-09-14  35
问题     The American economic system is organized around a basically private enterprise, market oriented economy in which consumers largely determine what shall be produced by spending their money in the market-place for those goods and services that they want most. Private businessmen, striving to 【C1】______ profits, produce these goods and service in 【C2】______with other businessmen; and the profit motive, operating under competitive pressures, largely determines how these goods and services are produced. Thus, in the American economic system it is the  【C3】______ of individual consumers, coupled with the desire of businessmen to maximize profits and the desire of individuals to maximize their incomes, that together 【C4】______what shall be produced and how resources are used to produce it.
    An important factor in a market- oriented economy is the mechanism by which consumers’ demands can be expressed and responded 【C5】______ by producers. In the American economy, this mechanism is provided by a price system, a process in which prices rise and 【C6】______ in response to relative demands of consumers and supplies offered by seller - producers. If the product is in short supply relative to the demand, the price will be bid up and some consumers will be 【C7】______ from the market. If, on the other 【C8】______ , producing more of a commodity results in reducing its cost, this will tend to increase the supply offered by seller - producers, which in turn will lower the price and permit more consumers to buy the product. Thus, price is the regulating mechanism in the American economic system.
    The important factor in a private - enterprise economy is that individuals are allowed to own productive resources ( private  property), and they are permitted to hire labor, gain 【C9】______  over natural resources, and produce goods and services for sale at a profit. In the American economy, the concept of private property 【C10】______ not only the ownership of productive resources but also certain rights, including the right to determine the price of a product or to make a free contract with another  private individual.
   A. eliminated         B. implies            C. embraces          D. hand
   E. determine          F. control            G. competition       H. determination
   I. make               J. to                 K. in                L. fall
   M. decrease           N. demand             O. compete [br] 【C6】
选项
答案 L
解析 此句指出美国的经济体制是价格体制，而价格是随着消费者的需求与生产者的供应情况而变化的，表示价格变化的两个并列动词应是相呼应的。文中已出现“rise” (上升)，从词义上看，与之相对应的就应该是“下降”，而“rise and fall”意为“升降”、“上下”、“起伏”、“兴亡”，故选择fall(下降)。该习语也可用作名词，如：the rise and fall of the temperature气温的上升和下降/The Rise and Fall of the Dutch Republic《荷兰共和国的兴亡》。
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