首页
登录
职称英语
Until about 30 years ago, language researchers focused their studies on infan
Until about 30 years ago, language researchers focused their studies on infan
游客
2023-09-13
90
管理
问题
Until about 30 years ago, language researchers focused their studies on infants who had already begun to babble, according to Jusczyk, who has written a book on how children acquire language titled The Discovery of Spoken. Language. Babies start to vocalize at around four months of age, and to babble in strings of words at around six or seven months.
"Theories around at that time said that infants perceived speech sounds by producing them," says Jusczyk. In other words, by listening to themselves babble, babies learned to tell one sound from another. Mom, Dad, or the babysitter would reinforce these sounds by repeating their utterances like, "Baba! That’s bottle."
Researchers, however, had not developed methods of deciphering what went through a baby’s mind before baby uttered his first "Ma" or "Papa". So Jusczyk and other experimentalists devised techniques that allow them to study the pre-babbler. They have demonstrated that speech is the culmination of a tremendous amount of learning. Long before a baby utters his first "baba", the researchers discovered, his mind is furiously sorting out the sounds and shapes of words and sentences.
Colleagues credit Jusczyk for being one of the key experimentalists to bridge the gap between the study of infant speech perception and language development. "Peter is the father of a lot of this work," says Robin Cooper, an associate professor of psychology, who studies infant language acquisition.
In their decades-long search for the universal truths about language acquisition, Jusczyk and collaborators around the world have found that at every stage of development, babies know a lot more than they’d been given credit for. The very seeds of language learning, in fact, start to develop in the womb (子宫).
Researchers cannot easily investigate language perception in the womb, however. So they study newborn babies’ reactions to sounds that mimic the muffled language that penetrates the womb. In this technique, newborn babies listen to filtered recordings of a woman (the baby’s mother or another mother) speaking, while sucking on a pacifier (婴儿用的橡皮奶头) that is attached to a pressure transducer (传感器). Filtering erases the crisp edges of words, while leaving intact other features such as rhythm, melody, pitch, and intonation—similar to what a fetus (胎儿) hears in the womb. "It’s kind of like listening to a stereo next door," says William Fifer, an associate professor of developmental psychobiology at Columbia University. "You hear a lot of bass, but not the crisp, clear high frequencies."
Using this technique, Fifer and his colleagues found that newborns suck harder on the pacifier when listening to filtered recordings of their own mother’s voice in comparison to another mother’s. The newborns thus recognize and prefer their own mother’s voice, concludes Fifer.
In further studies, Jusczyk and postdoc Thierry Nazzi found that newborns prefer filtered recordings of their own native language over that of a foreign language. "Babies like what they know," says Jusczyk. "Newborns," he says, "apparently learn the rhythm of their native language and of their mother’s voice while in the womb." [br] The research of Jusczyk and collaborators around the world discovers that ______.
选项
A、babies begin to learn language while in the womb
B、babies learn language at different stages while in the womb
C、babies develop several stages of language learning while in the womb
D、babies have learned a lot about language while in the womb
答案
A
解析
转载请注明原文地址:https://tihaiku.com/zcyy/3011268.html
相关试题推荐
[originaltext]Bill:Betty,youspeakseverallanguages,don’tyou?Betty:Yes,
Fromthefirstsentencewelearnthatresearchers______.[br]Thefindingthat
Fromthefirstsentencewelearnthatresearchers______.[br]Itisimpliedin
Researchersareincreasinglyinterestedinmanipulatingtheenvironmentearl
[originaltext]W:Dr.Adams,yournewbook,LearningaLanguageoverEggsandTo
[originaltext]W:Dr.Adams,yournewbook,LearningaLanguageoverEggsandTo
Whatisthepurposeofthispassage?[br]Whyresearchersputtreesinextracar
Researchersannouncethatthey’vebuilttheworld’sfirstinvisibilitycloak
[originaltext]Whatisthebestwaytolearnalanguage?Weshouldremember
[originaltext]Whatisthebestwaytolearnalanguage?Weshouldremember
随机试题
Whoisthesecondspeaker?[originaltext]HenryWheelerShawwasborninLane
Thepercentageof【C1】______hiredfortenuredpositionsatHarvardUniversi
Overthepastdecade,significantresearchhasdemonstratedwhatmanyhavek
Alaskaisdisappearingslowlybutsurely.Sincethe1950s,itisestimatedt
EveryWesterndoctorisrequiredtotaketheHippocraticoath,bywhichthey
男婴10个月,腹泻2d,大便为蛋花汤样,8~10次/日,无腥臭,哭时泪少,尿量明
患者,男性,67岁。突发持续性胸骨后疼痛6小时,含服硝酸甘油无效。心电图示急性前
某公司组织员工游湖,共使用六条游船分三批出发。已知游船分别搭载了15、16、18
XX县XX村是著名的冬枣生产加工基地,冬枣产业是该村的重要经济支柱。该村村口的一
当事人因故不能亲自到银行现场签署借款合同的,需事先全权委托(授权)他人(具有完全
最新回复
(
0
)