首页
登录
职称英语
The 1990s were all about downsizing, the practice of laying off large number
The 1990s were all about downsizing, the practice of laying off large number
游客
2023-09-10
41
管理
问题
The 1990s were all about downsizing, the practice of laying off large numbers of staff in the search for efficiency and profitability. More than 17 million workers were laid off between 1988 and 1995, although about 28 mil lion jobs were added back to the economy.
Two economists at the Federal Reserve Bank in Dallas, W. Michael Cox and Richard Alin, reported on the 10 largest downsizers of the 1990—1995 period, which include Digital Equipment, McDonnell Douglas, General Electric, and Kmart. Collective output (sales adjusted for inflation) declined by almost 10 percent. On the other hand, productivity per worker rose nearly 28 percent, compared with a gain of 1.5 percent in the rest of the economy. Says Cox, "Most of the companies emerged from the downsizing more competitive than before and thus were able to provide greater security to their workers. " The cost? 850,000 workers.
Yet negative outcomes prevailed at many firms. Devastatingly low morale, increased disability claims and suits for wrongful discharge (解雇), and general mistrust of management plague many companies. A study done at the Wharton School examined data on several thousand firms and found that downsizing had little or no effect on earnings or stock market performance. Far more effective were leveraged buyouts (举债全额收购) and portfolio (投资组合) restructuring.
There is some evidence that consistent focus on creating value for share holders, which includes paring unneeded workers, actually increases jobs in the long run, "Stronger, leaner companies are able to compete in the world market more effectively, and that ultimately draws jobs back to those companies." That’s the opinion of Thomas Copland, a director of McKinsey and Co., a management consulting firm that studied 20 years of data or 1,000 companies in the United States, Canada, Germany, Holland, Belgium, and France. The study revealed that, unlike those in the United States and Canada, the European firms lost jobs in the long term because their returns to shareholders fell between 1970 and 1990.
Although long-run growth is a pleasant prospect for shareholders, the short-term loss of jobs and income has left many employees and their families struggling in the aftermath of downsizing. [br] Some economists maintain that the practice of downsizing tends to ______.
选项
A、win immediate earnings for shareholders
B、improve productivity and competitive edge
C、lead to a more effective recombination of investments
D、all of the above
答案
B
解析
转载请注明原文地址:https://tihaiku.com/zcyy/3003133.html
相关试题推荐
Largeanimalsthatinhabitthedeserthaveevolvedanumberofadaptationsf
Largeanimalsthatinhabitthedeserthaveevolvedanumberofadaptationsf
Largeanimalsthatinhabitthedeserthaveevolvedanumberofadaptationsf
Largeanimalsthatinhabitthedeserthaveevolvedanumberofadaptationsf
Anumberoffactorsrelatedtothevoicerevealthepersonalityofthespeak
Anumberoffactorsrelatedtothevoicerevealthepersonalityofthespeak
Anumberoffactorsrelatedtothevoicerevealthepersonalityofthespeak
BasicEnglishisEnglishmadesimplebylimitingthenumberofitswordsto
BasicEnglishisEnglishmadesimplebylimitingthenumberofitswordsto
Bookshavealwaysbeenthemaintoolsforteaching.Butavastnumberofnew
随机试题
"Thelanguageofacomposer",Carduswrote,"hisharmonies,rhythms,melodi
It’snosecretthatmanychildrenwouldbehealthierandhappierwithadopti
AccordingtoWesterners,Asianreligionshaveintegrated______intothem.[br][
______theterribleweather,we’dbetterputoffthesportsmeetinguntilnextwe
在规划项目质量管理中,()可以了解产品和流程的最优状态,找到显著影响产品或
对于危重的新生儿较为可靠的给药途径是A.口服B.肌内注射C.皮下D.静脉给药E.
急性肠梗阻易导致A:高血钙 B:低血钙 C:高血钾 D:低血钾 E:高渗
期权是公司赠予被授予人在未来才能实现的一种()。A.确定收入 B.确定薪酬
一般资料:张某,女性,17岁.,高三学生,住校。 案例介绍:张某原本学习认真,
下列属于二级动火等级的区域是( )。A.加油站 B.生活区 C.大门口
最新回复
(
0
)