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  3. It may seem an odd time to worry about savings. This week the National Bure

It may seem an odd time to worry about savings. This week the National Bure

游客2023-09-08  28
问题      It may seem an odd time to worry about savings. This week the National Bureau of Economic Research declared that the world’s, largest economy, America, had been in recession since December last year. The economies of Japan and much of Western Europe have been declining. A rapid, global, private-sector shift to thrift is exactly what the world economy does not need. That’s why governments around the world have been passing hurried measures to try to encourage people to spend more of their incomes.
     In some countries, they should. Asians (and Germans too), have been saving their money with excessive enthusiasm. But other countries’ citizens have been putting too little aside for their old age. In America,the household savings ratio (the proportion of disposable income not used for consumption) has been below 2.5% since 1999; in Britain, it has been below 3% in each of the past two years. The Asians’ thrift made the Anglo-Saxons’ extravagance possible. Through their Increasingly sophisticated financial systems, the Americans and British were able to borrow from the thrifty Asians to finance their spending. And, because their house prices were rising so fast, they had the confidence to do so.
     In other words, Anglo-Saxons were able to save their cake and eat it. They did not have to sacrifice consumption in order to build up assets for the future, because loose monetary policies encouraged borrowing that pushed up the prices of housing and other assets, which gave them the illusion of having saved enough. But now this debt burden is being unwound, asset prices are collapsing and savings rates are rising because consumers are unwilling, or unable, to borrow.
     Though this is bad news for the American and British economies in the short term, it ought to be good news in the long term. How good, though, depends as much on where people put their savings as on how much they put aside. [br] The economy of America, since December last year, has been undergoing a state of ______.
选项
答案 recession
解析 由定位句可知，从去年12月份开始，世界最大的经济大国美国的经济就一直不景气(recession)；由a state of可知空白处要填入一个名词或名词性短语，意思为“一直经历……状态”，所以此处应填入recession。
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