首页
登录
职称英语
The sight of eight long black legs moving over the floor makes some people
The sight of eight long black legs moving over the floor makes some people
游客
2023-09-08
47
管理
问题
The sight of eight long black legs moving over the floor makes some people scream and run—and women are four times more likely to take fright than men. Now a study suggests that females are genetically prone to develop fears for potentially dangerous animals.
David Rakison, a developmental psychologist at Carnegie Mellon University in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, found that baby girls only 11 months old rapidly start to associate pictures of spiders with fear. Baby boys remain merrily indifferent to this connection.
In an initial training phase Rakison showed to baby girls and boys a picture of a spider together with a fearful face. In the following test phase he let them watch the image of a spider paired with a happy face, and the image of a flower paired with a fearful face.
Despite the spider’s happy companion, the girls looked significantly longer at it than at the flower. The researchers took this to mean that the girls expected spiders to be linked with fear. The boys looked for an equal time at both images.
With a different group of babies, Rakison first showed a spider with a happy face, and a flower with a fearful face. Now the girls too looked at both images for the same length of time— implying that they did not have an inborn fear of spiders.
The results suggest that girls are more inclined than boys to learn to fear dangerous animals. By contrast, says Rakison, modern phobias (恐惧) such as fear of flying or injections show no sex difference.
He attributes the difference to behavioural differences between men and women among our hunter-gatherer ancestors. A dislike for spiders may help women avoid dangerous animals, but in men evolution seems to have favoured more risk-taking behaviour for successful hunting.
It makes evolutionary sense to acquire spider fear at a certain age, rather than to be born with it, he adds. "There is little reason for an infant to fear an object unless it can respond to it, for example by crawling away," he says.
But if being scared of spiders is genetically inclined, is there any point in seeing a psychiatrist? "Even if a person is heavily inclined to develop spider phobia, exposure therapy would still be effective," says Jaime Derringer, a clinical psychologist from Washington University in St. Louis. "But it may be more difficult to eliminate the association between spiders and a fearful response," she says. [br] David Rakison has most probably classified the fear for dangerous animals as a(n) ______.
选项
A、instinctive behaviour
B、childish reaction
C、predictive phenomena
D、primitive response
答案
D
解析
该段第2句开头的By contrast显示我们可以根据该句的内容反推出对上句提到的dangerous animals的恐惧不属于modem phobia,这也就是说,本题的正确答案应为modem的反义词,本题应选D。
转载请注明原文地址:https://tihaiku.com/zcyy/2994934.html
相关试题推荐
PlanningandPeopleInallkindsoforgani
PlanningandPeopleInallkindsoforgani
PlanningandPeopleInallkindsoforgani
PlanningandPeopleInallkindsoforgani
Shynessisthecauseofmuchunhappinessforagreatmanypeople.Shypeople
Shynessisthecauseofmuchunhappinessforagreatmanypeople.Shypeople
Shynessisthecauseofmuchunhappinessforagreatmanypeople.Shypeople
Shynessisthecauseofmuchunhappinessforagreatmanypeople.Shypeople
Shynessisthecauseofmuchunhappinessforagreatmanypeople.Shypeople
Shynessisthecauseofmuchunhappinessforagreatmanypeople.Shypeople
随机试题
Lookatthenotesbelow.YouwillhearamancallingtheHeadOfficeofPortman
Thepassagesuggeststhatalackofmodernsanitationwouldmakewhichofthefo
Whatcausesmentopursuetopmanagement?Psychologistsoncebelievedthatt
Secondhandsmokeisaccountablefor42,000deathsannuallytononsmokersin
[originaltext]W:Hello,Peter.Igreatlyregret-thatIcouldn’tgotoyourpar
下列关于测绘执业资格管理的说法中正确的有( )。A.《中华人民共和国注册测绘师
关于B2B电子商务模式,下列说法中不正确的是()。A.交易对象集中在生活消费品
(2017年真题)甲公司系增值税一般纳税人,适用的增值税税率为13%。2
某工业企业装卸货物产生突发的撞击声,根据《工业企业厂界环境噪声排放标准》,下列关
某研究欲比较单纯肥胖者(n1=8)与正常人(n2=10)血浆总皮质醇是否有差异,
最新回复
(
0
)