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[originaltext] In the 18th century French economists protested the excessive
[originaltext] In the 18th century French economists protested the excessive
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2023-09-06
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问题
In the 18th century French economists protested the excessive regulation of business by the government. Their motto was laisser faire. Laisser faire means let the people do as they choose. In the economic sense, this meant that while the government should be responsible for things like maintaining peace and protecting property rights, it should not interfere with private business. It shouldn’t create regulations that might hinder business growth, nor should it be responsible for providing subsidies to help. In other words, governments should take a hands-off approach to business.
For a while in the United States, laisser faire was a popular doctrine. But things quickly changed. After the Civil War, politicians rarely opposed the government’s generous support of business owners. They were only too glad to support government land grants and loans to railroad owners, for example. Their regulations kept tariffs high and that helped protect American industrialists against foreign competition. Ironically in the late 19th century, a lot of people believed that the laisser faire policy was responsible for the country’s industrial growth. It was generally assumed that because business owners did not have a lot of external restrictions placed on them by the government, they could pursue their own interests, and this was what made them so successful. But in fact, many of these individuals would not have been able to meet their objectives if not for government support.
Questions 33 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard.
33. What does the passage mainly talk about?
34. Who first used the motto laisser faire?
35. What is the principal idea of the laisser faire policy?
选项
A、Competition in business.
B、Government grants.
C、A type of economic policy.
D、International transportation practices.
答案
C
解析
选项的概括性较强表明,本题可能考查短文主旨。短文首先提到法国经济学家提出laisser faire(自由放任政策)这一口号,接着从经济角度解释了这一政策,最后介绍这一政策在美国的情况,由此可知,短文主要讲述一种经济政策,故答案为[C]。
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