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While still catching up to men in some spheres of modern life, women appear

游客2023-09-05  27
问题     While still catching up to men in some spheres of modern life, women appear to be way ahead in at least one undesirable category. "Women are particularly susceptible to developing depression and anxiety disorders in response to stress compared to men," according to Dr. Yehuda, chief psychiatrist at New York’s Veteran’s Administration Hospital.
    Studies of both animals and humans have shown that sex hormones somehow affect the stress response, causing females under stress to produce more of the trigger chemicals than do males under the same conditions. In several of the studies, when stressed-out female rats had their ovaries (the female reproductive organs) removed, their chemical responses became equal to those of the males.
    Adding to a woman’s increased dose of stress chemicals, are her increased "opportunities" for stress. "It’s not necessarily that women don’t cope as well. It’s just that they have so much more to cope with," says Dr. Yehuda. "Their capacity for tolerating stress may even be greater than men’s," she observes. "It’s just that they’re dealing with so many more things that they become worn out from it more visibly and sooner."
    Dr. Yehuda notes another difference between the sexes. "I think that the kinds of things that women are exposed to tend to be in more of a chronic or repeated nature. Men go to war and are exposed to combat stress. Men are exposed to more acts of random physical violence. The kinds of interpersonal violence that women are exposed to tend to be in domestic situations, by, unfortunately, parents or other family members, and they tend not to be one-shot deals. The wear-and-tear that comes from these longer relationships can be quite devastating."
    Adeline Alvarez married at 18 and gave birth to a son, but was determined to finish college. "I struggled a lot to get the college degree. I was living in so much frustration that that was my escape, to go to school, and get ahead and do better." Later, her marriage ended and she became a single mother. "It’s the hardest thing to take care of a teenager, have a job, pay the rent, pay the car payment, and pay the debt. I lived from paycheck to paycheck."
    Not everyone experiences the kinds of severe chronic stresses, Alvarez describes. But most women today are coping with a lot of obligations, with few breaks, and feeling the strain. Alvarez’s experience demonstrates the importance of finding ways to diffuse stress before it threatens your health and your ability to function. [br] What can be learnt from the first two paragraphs?
选项 A、Women are biologically more vulnerable to stress.
B、Women are still suffering much stress caused by men.
C、Women are more experienced than men in coping with stress.
D、Men and women show different inclinations when faced with stress.
答案 A
解析 根据题干中的from the first two paragraphs将本题出处定位到前两段。首段引用Yehuda的话提到，与男性相比，女性更容易在压力下沮丧和产生焦虑症。第二段首句提到，动物和人类试验都证明了性荷尔蒙在一定程度上影响对压力的反应，使得处于同等压力下的女性比男性产生更多的触发性化学物质。结合这两句可知，女性面对压力时更脆弱是因为生理原因，故答案为A)。B)是针对第四段倒数第二句提到的“女性的压力更多源于父母及其他家庭成员”所设的干扰项。C)是针对第三段倒数第二句提到的“她们忍受压力的能力甚至比男性还要强”设的干扰项。D)说的是“男性与女性在面对压力时，显示出不同的倾向性”，因为“倾向性”是性格方面而非生理方面，故排除D)。
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