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  3. The more Americans engage in one of their favorite pastimes—sitting around—t

The more Americans engage in one of their favorite pastimes—sitting around—t

游客2023-09-04  31
问题     The more Americans engage in one of their favorite pastimes—sitting around—the shorter their average life span, a new study of more than 120,000 American adults suggests.
    It’s just one more reason to " get up and walk," said Dr. Jay Brooks, chairman at Ochsner Health System in Baton Rouge. " People need to recognize that the things you do every day have consequences. And if you’re in a job that does require sitting, that’s fine, but any time you can expend energy is good. That’s the key. " The beneficial effect of exercise on being overweight or obese, rates of which are at an all-time high, have been well documented. But according to background information in the study,the effects of sitting itself are less well-studied. Although several studies have found a link between sitting time and obesity, heart disease risk, and unhealthy diets in children, few had examined sitting and " total mortality," researchers noted.
    The authors of the study analyzed responses from questionnaires filled out by 123,216 people (53,440 men and 69,776 women) with no history of disease who were participating in the Cancer Prevention II study conducted by the American Cancer Society for 14 years. In the study, people were more likely to die of heart disease than cancer. After adjusting for a number of risk factors, including smoking,women who spent six hours a day sitting had a 37% increased risk of dying versus than those who spent less than three hours a day on their bottoms. For men the increased risk was 17% . Exercise, even a little per day, did tend to lower the mortality risk tied to sitting, the team noted. On the other hand,people who sat a lot and did not exercise or stay active had an even higher mortality risk;94% for women and 48% for men. Study lead author Dr. Alpa Patel said that the obvious reason for the connection is that "the more time you spend sitting,the less total energy expended and you can have consequences such as weight gain and increased obesity. " And that affects your risk factors for various diseases, she said. When muscles,especially those in the legs,are "sitting," they stimulate or suppress various hormones which then affect cholesterol and other markers for heart and other diseases, she explained. [br] Those sitting too long are vulnerable to heart disease as their muscles______.
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答案 stimulate or suppress various hormones
解析 本题考查久坐导致疾病的原因。根据第三段末句可知，坐着的时候，肌肉会刺激或者抑制各种各样的荷尔蒙，这些荷尔蒙会影响胆固醇等可诱发心脏病的因素。故答案为stimulate or suppress various hormones。
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