首页
登录
职称英语
It is not the thrill of winning, but the thrill of almost winning that sets
It is not the thrill of winning, but the thrill of almost winning that sets
游客
2023-09-02
56
管理
问题
It is not the thrill of winning, but the thrill of almost winning that sets a problem gambler apart from those who just fancy a flutter. A strong reaction in the brain in response to "near misses" is correlated with a greater tendency to compulsive gambling, according to new research.
Gambling touches almost everyone, from friends playing online poker to grannies buying lottery tickets. For many it is just good fun, but for some it becomes a weak addiction which wrecks lives: they need bigger wins to satisfy their desire, and when forced to stop they suffer withdrawal symptoms.
Henry Chase and Luke Clark of the University of Cambridge are interested in the cognitive complexities of gamblers. For instance, gamblers often believe that games like picking lottery numbers involve some degree of skill, even though they do not. In games where skill does matter, such as football, a near miss like kicking a ball into the goalpost can rightly be associated with almost scoring a goal. So assigning value to an almost-goal makes some sense. But in games of chance, near misses are meaningless. They say nothing about the future likelihood of winning.
Yet that is not the way many people think about it. Dr. Chase and Dr. Clark have found that in normal healthy volunteers, near misses that won participants not a penny still activated parts of the brain associated with monetary wins. In a new study, they invited 20 volunteers, two of whom were women, to play a kind of slot machine (老虎机) while a functional magnetic-resonance imaging scanner (磁共振成像扫描仪) examined their brain activity. These machines show certain parts of the brain "lighting up" with increased blood flow as they become active.
The volunteers all enjoyed some gambling, ranging from off-course betting on race horses and football matches to playing slot machines, scratch cards and lotteries. All but one volunteer -who had been moderate for a year gambled at least once a week. Bets ranged from five people who routinely spent £ 10—100 a day on gambling and two who were willing to drop over £10 000. Perhaps not surprisingly, 13 of the volunteers would have been considered to have an excessive gambling habit on conventional tests.
The researchers found that those who scored highest in gambling severity also showed the most activity in the midbrain area in response to near misses. This area of the brain is of interest to researchers because it is where dopamine (多巴胺), a neurotransmitter, is produced. Dopamine has been implicated in other addiction studies. It could be the near misses that enhance dopamine transmission in gamblers who suffer the most severe problems, the study suggests. Which means it might be possible to find treatments that reduce dopamine transmission in the brain to take some of the compulsion out of gambling. [br] What is the main idea of the passage?
选项
A、Near misses could heighten gambling addiction.
B、Gamblers have wrong notions of gambling.
C、Compulsive gambling is hard to abandon.
D、How gambling wrecks your lives.
答案
A
解析
主旨大意题。本文第一段统领全文,介绍真正赌徒会有差一点就能赢的那种激动心情,也就是近乎命中,会在大脑中产生强大的反应,使得一个人更加难以控制自己的赌瘾。下文也都是围绕这一点展开。因此答案为A)。
转载请注明原文地址:https://tihaiku.com/zcyy/2979572.html
相关试题推荐
Thewordscienceisheardsoofteninmoderntimesthatalmosteverybodyhas
Thewordscienceisheardsoofteninmoderntimesthatalmosteverybodyhas
[originaltext]M:HaveyougotyourNewYearshoppingdoneyet?W:Almost.Igot
[originaltext]M:HaveyougotyourNewYearshoppingdoneyet?W:Almost.Igot
[originaltext]M:HaveyougotyourNewYearshoppingdoneyet?W:Almost.Igot
[originaltext]M:HaveyougotyourNewYearshoppingdoneyet?W:Almost.Igot
Almosteveryspectatorwas______withtheoutcomeofthebasketballmatch.A、thri
Plants,oncethrivedonbothpoles,arebecomingalmost_________fortheharsh
Dogsareoftenpraisedfortheir______;theyalmostneverabandontheirmasters.
Thepresidentialcandidate________hispositionbywinningseveralprimaryelec
随机试题
Howmanyofuswouldtempforthreeyearswhilewewaitedfortheperfectjo
Itisclearthatsomepeoplewhoparticipateinexercisetrainingwilldevel
"Iwanttocriticizethesocialsystem,andtoshowitatwork,atitsmost
改革开放以来,哪次会议标志着中国进入改革开放新时代
不能用来作X线成像接受转换介质的是A.增感屏 B.胶片 C.光盘 D.成像
有关大气颗粒物哪一项是不正确的:A.大气颗粒物对呼吸道局部组织有堵塞作用 B.
信托投资公司作为询价对象应当经相关监管部门重新登记已满两年,注册资本不低于()亿
诉讼时效因当事人一方提出要求而中断,下列哪一情形不能产生诉讼时效中断的效力?A:
(2013年)某市邮政企业按照中国邮政集团公司经营会议要求,结合本市具体情况,制
关于发行市场和流通市场的说法错误的是()oA.发行市场又称一级市场或初级市
最新回复
(
0
)