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  3. It might be supposed that efficiency should be achieved only if several peop

It might be supposed that efficiency should be achieved only if several peop

游客2023-08-29  21
问题     It might be supposed that efficiency should be achieved only if several people cooperate to solve a problem. Such results are by no means invariable.

    Although groups often may increase the motivation of their members to deal with problems, there is a counterbalancing need to contend with conflicts arising among members of a group and with efforts to make it more【C1】______. Problem solving is facilitated by the presence of an effective leader who not only provides direction but【C2】______the orderly, constructive expression of various opinions.
    Although groups may require less time to discover an answer, their net man-hour efficiency is typically【C3】______than that achieved by skilled individuals working alone.
    A process called brainstorming(自由讨论)has been offered as a method which can【C4】______the production of new solutions to problems. In brainstorming, a problem is presented to a group of people who then proceed to offer whatever they can think of, regardless of quality and with as few【C5】______as can be managed. Theoretically these unrestricted suggestions increase the probability that at least some superior solutions will emerge. Nevertheless, studies show that when individuals work alone under similar conditions, performance tends to proceed more efficiently than it does in groups.
    Under special circumstances, however, a group may solve problems more【C6】______than a reasonably competent individual does. Group members may【C7】______different resources to a solution that no individual can readily achieve alone; such pooling of information and skills can make group【C8】______superior in dealing with selected problems. When only one among several alternative solutions is correct, even if a group requires more time, it has a higher【C9】______of identifying the right one than does an individual alone.
    One difference between problem solving by a group and by an individual is that the group depends heavily on【C10】______communication, while individual through implicit, subjective, silent activity.
[A]probability[B]effectively[C]refrains[D]permits[E]coherent
[F]inhibitions[G]achievements[H]higher[I]contribute[J]ampler
[K]lower[L]inefficiently[M]facilitate[N]agreements[O]verbal [br] 【C7】
选项
答案 I
解析 此处填动词。情态动词may后跟动词原形，选项中的动词原形有[I]contribute和[K]lower，lower也可与to搭配，但在此处与上下文又不符，故选[I]contribute。
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