2. 职称英语
  3. On the evening before All Saints’ Day in 1517, Martin Luther nailed 95 these

On the evening before All Saints’ Day in 1517, Martin Luther nailed 95 these

游客2023-08-24  36
问题     On the evening before All Saints’ Day in 1517, Martin Luther nailed 95 theses to the door of a church in Wittenberg. In those days a thesis was simply a【C1】______one wanted to argue. Today a doctoral thesis is both an idea and an【C2】______of a period of original research. Writing one is the aim of the hundreds of thousands of students who【C3】______on a doctorate of philosophy(PhD)every year.
    In most countries a PhD is a basic requirement for a career in academia. It is an introduction to the world of independent research—a kind of【C4】______masterpiece, created by an apprentice in close collaboration with a supervisor. The requirements to complete one vary【C5】______between countries, universities and even subjects. Some students will first have to spend two years working on a master’s degree or diploma. Some will receive a stipend; others will pay their own way. Some PhDs【C6】______only research, some require classes and examinations and some require the student to teach undergraduates. A thesis can be dozens of pages in mathematics, or many hundreds in history. As a result, newly minted PhDs can be as young as their early 20s or world-weary forty-somethings.
    One thing many PhD students have in common is【C7】______. Some describe their work as " slave labour". Seven-day weeks, ten-hour days, low pay and uncertain prospects are widespread. Whining PhD students are nothing new, but there seem to be【C8】______problems with the system that produces research doctorates(the practical "professional doctorates" in fields such as law, business and medicine have a more obvious value). There is an oversupply of PhDs. Although a doctorate is designed as training for a job in academia, the number of PhD positions is unrelated to the number of job openings. Meanwhile, business leaders【C9】______about shortages of high-level skills, suggesting PhDs are not teaching the right things. The fiercest critics【C10】______research doctorates to Ponzi or pyramid schemes.
A)account I)embark
B)acquirements J)enormously
C)aggressively K)genetic
D)cognitive L)genuine
E)compare M)intellectual
F)complain N)involve
G)contain O)position
H)dissatisfaction [br] 【C4】
选项
答案 M
解析 空格位于名词masterpiece之前，应填入形容词。结合句意“博士论文是一种 杰作……”可知，M)intellectual“智力的”为答案。备选形容词中，cognitive“认知的”，genuine“真正的”，genetic“基因的”，均与文意不符，故排除。
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