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Women who exercise in pregnancy boost the brain development of their newborn

游客2023-08-24  23
问题     Women who exercise in pregnancy boost the brain development of their newborn babies, according to researchers who claim the effect could benefit children for the rest of their lives. Babies’ brains showed more mature patterns of activity, linked to better in later life, when their mothers took at least three 20-minute sessions of moderate exercise a week. The early stage findings are the first from a randomized controlled trial in humans to show that a pregnant mother’s exercise routine could have such an impact on her baby’s brain.
    "We know exercise is good for all kinds of things in pregnancy. It makes mothers feel better, gives them more control over their weight gain, and also has an impact on their child’s weight gain in life. We’re saying here’s an added bonus, that exercise gives your child a head-start in brain development," said Elise Labonte-LeMoyne at the University of Montreal.
    Women joined her study in their first trimester and were randomly assigned to either an exercise or a sedentary(久坐的)control group. The 10 women in the exercise group cycled, walked, ran or swam for three short sessions a week, pushing themselves hard enough to get only slightly out of breath. The eight women in the sedentary group were told not to exercise.
    In the 8 to 12 days after the babies were born, the researchers measured their brain activity. Using a cap covered with 124 electrodes, they recorded EEG(脑电图)while they played sleeping babies a series of beeps interspersed with different sounds. Even though the babies were asleep, patterns in their brain activity showed how efficiently they could discriminate between old and novel sounds. More developed brains find the task easier than less mature ones.
    "The babies born from mothers who were physically active have a more mature cerebral activation, suggesting that their brains developed more rapidly." " This is important to look at this stage in their development, because the ability to discriminate sounds is the basis of learning to speak and to understand the sounds around you," said Labonte-LeMoyne, who described the study at the Society for Neuroscience meeting in San Diego.
    A 2008 Danish study found that exercising had almost no effect on the size of a woman’s baby, but reduced the risk of the baby being small or large for its gestational age(胎龄). The National Health Service(NHS)advises pregnant women to avoid contact sports, and not exercise so hard that they cannot hold a conversation. Women who were not active before becoming pregnant should start with no more than 15 minutes of continuous exercise three times a week, and slowly build up to four half-hour sessions a week. [br] What is the difference between the two groups in the study?
选项 A、One group exercised properly, while the other didn’t exercise at all.
B、One group did extreme sports, while the other did moderate sports.
C、One group exercised by taking deep breath, while the other by slight breath.
D、One group exercised three times a week, while the other sat down all day long.
答案 A
解析 细节判断题。本段第一句中的either an exercise or a sedentary control group指出这两组是锻炼组和久坐组。由后两句得知，锻炼组每周进行三次短时的适当训练，而久坐组则是不锻炼的。由此可以推断A)正确。B)“一组参加极限锻炼，另一组参加适度锻炼”，其中“极限锻炼”与原文不符，故排除；C)“一组通过深呼气锻炼，另一组通过浅呼气锻炼”和D)“一组一周锻炼三次，另一组整天久坐”与原文内容不符，故排除。
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