2. 职称英语
  3. Memory appears to be stored in several parts of the limbic(边缘的)system of the

Memory appears to be stored in several parts of the limbic(边缘的)system of the

游客2023-08-16  49
问题     Memory appears to be stored in several parts of the limbic(边缘的)system of the brain, and any condition that interferes with the function of this system can cause amnesia. Aging is a frequent cause. As humans advance in age, the heart’s action, as well as the walls of blood vessels, change. It is thought that too little blood reaching brain cells, and sometimes the lack of certain nutrients, causes the death of small portions of the brain. Old memories and new ones are kept in different portions of the brain, and many older people can recall events that took place years before while being unable to remember what they ate at their last meal. An inability to store or learn new information may also occur with advanced age. Several degenerative(退化的)diseases of old age can cause profound amnesia. Primarily in older men, transient(暂时的)global amnesia causes severe loss of memory for minutes or hours. This is a progressive condition about which little can be done.
    Alcoholism is another leading cause of amnesia. Many heavy drinkers cannot recall the events of the time when they were intoxicated. In alcoholism of long duration, the gradual deterioration of brain cells takes place, and memory can become permanently confused. Injuries to the head often result in amnesia for the time just before and just after an accident. As the injury heals, memory gradually returns. Tumors or other growth in the brain that affect the limbic system can also cause amnesia, when treatment of the growth is successful, the amnesia is cured.
    Classic amnesia may be described as the condition of an otherwise healthy person who "wakes up" in a strange place unable to recall his name, where he came from, or where he is going. It is interesting to note that such a person, however, retains knowledge of language and social customs. This kind of amnesia is probably due to emotional stress and is called hysterical amnesia. It occurs when some event is seen as so shameful or when problems become so overwhelming that the person concerned is unable to face reality. Instead, complete amnesia develops. Hysterical amnesia is treated through psychotherapy and sometimes the administration of drugs such as sodium amobarbital, which causes a person to talk freely. Clues to the past may appear under the sedation, and the psychotherapist can use these to prod(促使)the memory of the patient. [br] It can be inferred from the passage that hysterical amnesia may _____.
选项 A、develop into complete amnesia if not cured
B、be derived from psychological problems
C、result in the patient’s shameful emotion
D、cause the loss of language ability
答案 B
解析 末段第3句表明癔症性遗忘症(hysterical amnesia)很可能是情绪压力造成的，即属于心理问题，因此B为本题答案。该段第5句表明失忆如果不是由心理问题引起的话，就会形成彻底性遗忘症，由此可见A不正确；C是引起hysterical amnesia的原因而不是结果；D中的“失去语言能力”无原文根据。
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