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  3. Amid all the job losses, there’s one category of worker that the economic di

Amid all the job losses, there’s one category of worker that the economic di

游客2023-08-16  30
问题     Amid all the job losses, there’s one category of worker that the economic disruption has been good for nonhumans.
    From self-service checkout lines at the supermarket to industrial robots armed with saws and taught to carve up animal bodies in slaughter-houses, these ever-more-intelligent machines are now not just assisting workers but actually kicking them out of their jobs.
    Automation isn’t just affecting factory workers, either. Some law firms now use artificial intelligence software to scan and read mountains of legal documents, work that previously was performed by highly-paid human lawyers.
    "Robots continue to have an impact on blue-collar jobs, and white-collar jobs are under attack by micro-processors," says economics professor Edward Learner. The recession permanently wiped out 2.5 million jobs. U. S. gross domestic product has climbed back to pre-recession levels, meaning we’re producing as much as before, only with 6% fewer workers. To be sure, robotics are not the only job killers out there, with outsourcing(外包) stealing far more jobs than automation.
    Jeff Burnstein, president of the Robotics Industry Association, argues that robots actually save U. S. jobs. His logic: companies that embrace automation might use fewer workers, but that’s still better than firing everyone and moving the work overseas.
    It’s not that robots are cheaper than humans, though often they are. It’s that they’re better. "In some cases the quality requirements are so exacting that even if you wanted to have a human do the job, you couldn’t," Burnstein says.
    Same goes for surgeons, who’re using robotic systems to perform an ever-growing list of operations—not because the machines save money but because , thanks to the greater precision of robots, the patients recover in less time and have fewer complications, says Dr. Myriam Curet.
    Surgeons may survive the robot invasion, but others at the hospital might not be so lucky, as iRobot, maker of the Roomba, a robot vacuum cleaner, has been showing off Ava, which could be used as a messenger in a hospital. And once you’re home, recovering, Ava could let you talk to your doctor, so there’s no need to send someone to your house. That "mobile telepresence" could be useful at the office. If you’re away on a trip, you can still attend a meeting. Just connect via videoconferencing software, so your face appears on Ava’s screen.
    Is any job safe? I was hoping to say "journalist", but researchers are already developing software that can gather facts and write a news story. Which means that a few years from now, a robot could be writing this column. And who will read it? Well, there might be a lot of us hanging around with lots of free time on our hands.  [br] What does Jeff Burnstein say about robots?
选项 A、They help companies to revive.
B、They are cheaper than humans.
C、They prevent job losses in a way.
D、They compete with human workers.
答案 C
解析 由题干人名 Jeff Burnstein 定位到第五段。Jeff Burnstein 作为机器人工业协会的主席，认为反倒是机器人保住了美国的就业机会。他这样解释：如果公司采用自动化，减少的将是少部分的工人，但是如果不这样做，将不得不解雇所有的工人，随后再将就业机会送到海外去。从这个角度推断：Jeff 认为机器人阻止了工作机会的流失。
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