Alcohol has a peculiar relationship to happiness. We drink to celebrate, but

游客2023-08-15 43

问题 Alcohol has a peculiar relationship to happiness. We drink to celebrate, but because alcohol works as a depressant, it ends up deadening feelings. Not surprisingly, there’s an observable connection between alcoholism and depression, and even though it’s not always clear which leads to which, everyone knows you can’t drink like a Sterling Cooper employee for too long before becoming a perpetual sad sack.
But if alcohol can lead to depression, does that mean abstaining (戒除) from alcohol will make you happier? A new study suggests that the opposite actually tends to be true. In fact, those who never drink are at significantly higher risk for not only depression but also anxiety disorders, compared with those who consume alcohol regularly.
The study, which was published recently in the journal Addiction, looked at more than 38,000 people in Norway. Researchers, led by Jens Christoffer Skogen of the University of Bergen in Norway, asked the participants how much they had drunk in the previous two weeks; the research team also asked them various questions to measure their levels of anxiety and depression.
People in the top fifth percentile (百分点) of drinkers had the highest odds for anxiety. But it was abstainers who were at the highest risk for depression—higher even than the heaviest of drinkers. Why?
One reason is that the abstainers in the study sample were more likely to have chronic illnesses, and people with chronic illnesses are more prone to melancholy. Also, "some people assume it’s healthier not to drink," says Skogen—which may be particularly true of those who have chronic illnesses. Finally, some abstainers were formerly heavy drinkers—alcoholics who had to give up the bottle. It makes sense that they would have more psychological distress than others, but only 14% of the abstainers in the Norway study fit this category.
The most powerful explanation seems to be that abstainers have fewer close friends than drinkers, even though they tend to participate more often in organized social activities. Abstainers seem to have a harder time making strong friendship bonds, perhaps because they don’t have alcohol to lubricate their social interactions. After all, it’s easier to reveal your worst fears and greatest hopes to a potential friend after a Negroni or two.
So does this mean we should all have a cocktail? Maybe, but Skogen says he doesn’t believe his study should encourage abstainers to become drinkers. Rather, he says doctors might want to investigate why abstaining patients don’t drink and explain that in societies where alcohol use is common, not drinking may lead them to feel left out. Sometimes, you should just say yes. [br] Drinkers have more close friends than abstainers most probably because _____.

选项 A、abstainers seldom take part in organized social activities
B、drinkers usually have better socializing skills
C、alcohol can help strengthen social interactions
D、drinkers have more friends to share their fears and hopes

答案 C

解析第6段第2句的内容表明，戒酒者似乎更难与人建立牢固关系的原因是缺少了酒精这个润滑剂来加强社交活动。由此可知，酒精有利于开展社交活动，C与此内容相同，为本题答案。

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