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  3. The United States has a major problem on its hands. The only way to solve it

The United States has a major problem on its hands. The only way to solve it

游客2023-08-12  12
问题     The United States has a major problem on its hands. The only way to solve it is through education. Negroes(黑人)should know about the contributions that black individuals and groups have made towards building America. This is of vital importance for their self-respect: and it is perhaps even more important for white people to know. For if you believe that a man has no history worth mentioning, it is easy to assume that he has no value as a man.
    Many people believe that, since the Negro’ s achievements do not appear in the history books, he did not have any. Most people are taken aback when they learn that Negroes sailed with Columbus, marched with the Spanish conquerors of South America and fought side by side with white Americans in all their wars. People are astonished when you tell them about Phillis Wheatley, who learned English as a salve in Boston and wrote first-class poetry. They have never heard of Benjamin Banneker, a mathematician and a surveyor, who helped to plan the city of Washington. There has been a tendency all along to treat the black man as if he were invisible. Little has been written about the 5 ,000 American Negroes who fought in the Revolution against the British, but they were in every important battle.
    How, then, did the image of the Negro as a valiant fighting man disappear? To justify the hideous institution of slavery, slave-holders had to create the myth of the docile, slow-witted Negro, incapable of self-improvement, and even contented with his lot. Nothing could be further from the truth. The slave fought for his freedom at every chance he got, and there were numerous uprisings. Yet the myth of docility persisted.
    There are several other areas where the truth has been twisted or concealed. Most people have heard of the Negro, Carver, who invented scores of new uses for the lowly peanut. But whoever heard of Norbert Rillieux, who in 1846 invented a vacuum pan that revolutionized the sugar-refining industry? Or of Elijah McCoy, who in 1872 invented the drip cup that feeds oil to the moving parts of heavy machinery?
    As for the winning of the West, the black cowboy and the black frontiersman have been almost ignored, though film producers are becoming more aware of their importance. Yet in the typical trail crew of eight men that drove cattle from Texas to Kansas, at least two would have been Negroes. The black troops of the Ninth and Tenth Cavalry formed one-fifth of all the mounted troops assigned to protect the frontier after the Civil War. "What difference does it make?" you may ask. A lot. The cowboy is the American folk-hero. Youngsters identify with him instantly. The average cowboy film is really a kind of morality play, with good guys and bad guys and right finally triumphing over wrong. You should see the amazement and happiness on black youngsters’ faces when they learn that their ancestors really had a part in all that. [br] According to the passage, education on Negroes’ contributions to America______.
选项 A、contributes to the blacks’ confidence of their value
B、proves their achievements in building the country
C、is still a major task for curriculum education
D、will solve all the conflicts between black and white people
答案 A
解析 根据题干中的关键词education，Negroes’contributions，将本题定位于第1段。第1段在谈论黑人对美国的贡献时说：“解决这个问题的唯一途径是教育。黑人应该知道黑人个体以及团体在建设．美国的过程中所做的贡献。这对于他们的自尊心至关重要……”其中，“对于他们的自尊心至关重要”解释了为什么需要教育黑人，让他们知道黑人曾对美国做出了贡献。A项中confidence of their value是原文中their self-respect的同义转述，由此可见A项符合文意，故为答案A(有利于树立黑人对自身价值的信心)。B项(证明了他们对建设国家所做的贡献)不是根本原因，只是为了树立黑人的信心的一种手段，故排除；C项(是课程教育中的一项重大任务)，文中并没有提及其重要性有多大，只是暗示要在教育中加入这一内容，故排除；D项过于绝对，采取这种措施不可能会获得如此大的效果，故排除。
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