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  3. In last year’ s Science study, researchers at Johns Hopkins University exami

In last year’ s Science study, researchers at Johns Hopkins University exami

游客2023-08-12  31
问题     In last year’ s Science study, researchers at Johns Hopkins University examined the relationship between stem-cell divisions and cancer development. They reported that the higher the number of stem-cell divisions in a given tissue, the higher risk for【C1】______cancer. At the time, they said that their findings suggested "65% of cancer... appears to be explained by the number of stem-cell divisions". That stem-cell activity, the researchers suggested, could explain why some people without【C2】______factors like smoking will still get lung cancers.
    " I was startled by their conclusion," Dr. Yusuf Hannun says, a cancer researcher at Stony Brook University in New York and author of the new Nature study. Hannun and his team【C3】______that the first study assumed that stem-cell division and other environmental factors were【C4】______of each other.
    Hannun’ s team wanted to assess the【C5】______to which stem-cell division or environmental factors contribute to developing the disease. To do this, the researchers looked at a variety of data including epidemiological evidence that people living in different regions have different rates of cancer development. They also looked at cell-mutation patterns【C6】______with certain cancers, as well as mathematical models that helped parse how much a cancer was due to【C7】______factors like cell division versus extrinsic factors like environment or lifestyle.
    The new study reported that while intrinsic factors did have a【C8】______in cancer development, environmental factors had a more【C9】______effect and were responsible for 70% -90% of cancer cases.
    This isn’ t the last study to be published on the topic, but as scientists refine their【C10】______of the many things that can contribute to cancer risk, more information is needed.
    A)argue I)intrinsic
    B)associated J)relation
    C)considering K)risk
    D)derived L)robust
    E)developing M)role
    F)extent N)seizes
    G)full O)understanding
    H)independent [br] 【C9】
选项
答案 L
解析 空格前为more，空格后为effect，由此可判断本空格应该填一个形容词。根据句意，“尽管内在因素确实对患癌产生了一定的作用，但环境因素的效果更……”，可知本空格所填的形容词应该是具有积极意义的，表示环境因素所起的作用比内在因素大。分析选项，故答案为L)robust(强大的)。
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