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[originaltext] You’ve probably seen encyclopedias. Whether you’re settling a
[originaltext] You’ve probably seen encyclopedias. Whether you’re settling a
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2023-08-12
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问题
You’ve probably seen encyclopedias. Whether you’re settling an argument or researching a school project, these books can hold the answers. These days though, the world moves so fast, it’s hard for books that were written months or years ago to keep up. Thankfully we have a new kind of encyclopedia that’s online, free, built by thousands of people and changes every day. This household name is: Wikipedia.
The idea that thousands of volunteers could create an online encyclopedia doesn’t sound possible, but thanks to new technology and specific policies, Wikipedia has become one of the top 5 sites on the Web. The site is run by a not-for-profit foundation with a goal to provide everyone on the planet access to the sum of all human knowledge. To see how it works, let’s get started with the "wiki" in Wikipedia.
A wiki is a kind of website that allows users to make changes to any page. They simply click, edit, make the change, and then save the page to share it with the world. This basic concept allows volunteers to contribute information on any subject in Wikipedia. And because Wikipedia is a website, there is no limit to the number of topics it can cover. Being a wiki means that Wikipedia is always changing. When someone notable passes away, Wikipedia is updated. When news breaks, Wikipedia grows. It all works because tens of thousands of volunteers contribute, and also enforce rules to ensure Wikipedia remains a reliable source for factual information.
These users, like any member, can see changes as they happen on each article. For example, if someone posts an advertisement on Wikipedia, which is forbidden, volunteers can easily reverse the change to maintain the article’s integrity. This means every change to Wikipedia is reviewed and must observe two big rules.
The first is verifiability, which is necessary to ensure high quality. For this reason, Wikipedia articles must rely on information from published sources like books or newspapers—resources known for fact-checking. Requiring contributors to cite these resources in articles and quotations ensures Wikipedia articles are factual and high quality. If it’s not verified, it can’t be in Wikipedia.
The second rule requires a neutral point of view. All Wikipedia materials must be presented fairly and without bias, just like any other encyclopedia. This means Wikipedia is not a place for contributors to share their own opinions.
It’s these two rules and the volunteers who uphold them that make Wikipedia a reliable resource that grows each day. And you can be involved in the process of building a free encyclopedia—the largest encyclopedia in human history.
16. What can we learn about Wikipedia from the talk?
17. What can users do in a wiki?
18. What will probably happen when an advertisement is posted on Wikipedia?
19. What is the second rule of Wikipedia?
选项
A、Change the editing rule of Wikipedia.
B、Learn about the breaking news.
C、Make sure Wikipedia is reliable.
D、Make changes to any page.
答案
D
解析
录音中提到,维基(wild)是一种允许用户修改页面的网站,D项“对任何网页进行修改”是该处信息的录音原词,为正确答案。A项“修改维基百科的编辑原则”曲解了录音内容的原意,用户能修改的只是页面内容,但修改时必须遵守两大原则(two big rules,即verifiability和a neutral point of view),这些原则不是用户能改变的。B项“了解一些突发新闻”利用了“一旦出现突发新闻,维基百科条目就会更新”这一内容来设置干扰项,与问题无关。C项“确保维基百科是可靠的”是无数志愿者在更新维基百科信息时希望达到的一个目标,因此也不正确。
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