首页
登录
职称英语
Fertilizer use has exploded, overloading plants worldwide, likely altering e
Fertilizer use has exploded, overloading plants worldwide, likely altering e
游客
2023-08-10
23
管理
问题
Fertilizer use has exploded, overloading plants worldwide, likely altering ecosystems for decades to centuries, scientists report Thursday. In the journal Science, a review led by Donald Canfield of the University of Southern Denmark found that fertilizer use worldwide increased 800% from 1960 to 2000. "Given the rising costs of synthetic fertilizer production, this overuse is not only economically expensive, but also initiates a series of large-scale environmental impacts," says the review.
Fundamentally, nitrogen from fertilizers has led to an explosion in "dead zones" in seas and oceans, upsetting a cycle of nutrients balanced with growth that has lasted for billions of years, the authors find.
As well, the excess nitrogen is forming large amounts of nitrous oxide(一氧化二氮), a powerful greenhouse gas in wetlands, adding to climate change. Agriculture today produces about a quarter of the nitrous oxide in the atmosphere.
"The effects of humans have been profound. In the last few decades we have doubled the worldwide biological availability of nitrogen, an element that often limits growth of plants and algae," says Thomas Jordan of the Smithsonian Environmental Research Center in Eclgewater, Md., who was not part of the review. The review, "is a very careful analysis of the nitrogen cycle by three of the world authorities in this area," says biochemist Robert Blankenship of Washington University in St. Louis, who also was not part of the review. "The concerns they raise for how the nitrogen cycle is now significantly out of balance are important and need to be addressed by changing agricultural practices. The world’s food supply depends directly on nitrogen application in the form of fertilizer, but current practices are such that much of the applied nitrogen ends up in rivers and eventually in the ocean where it causes serious problems."
"Natural feedbacks driven by microorganisms will likely produce a new steady state over time scales of many decades," say the review authors. "However, because of the projected increase in human population through at least 2050, there will be demand for an increase in fixed nitrogen for crops to feed this population." And that will mean a lot more dead zones, they warn, like the one that blooms yearly, in 2010 about the size of New Jersey, in the Gulf of Mexico.
"Several new approaches and a much wider use of more sustainable time-honored practices, however, can decrease nitrogen use substantially," they conclude. The rising cost and environmental toll of fertilizers will increase demand for less use on farms, they add. "However, even with management, the future cycle will likely be different from the one that preceded the Industrial Revolution." [br] It is concluded in the review that______.
选项
A、the use of nitrogen will become sustainable
B、the use of nitrogen will disappear from farms
C、the demand for nitrogen will decrease
D、the demand for nitrogen will increase
答案
C
解析
最后一段第1句中的decrease…substantially和第2句中的increase demand for less use都表明研究人员认为将来对氮的需求将会下降。因此,本题应选C。
转载请注明原文地址:https://tihaiku.com/zcyy/2914286.html
相关试题推荐
[originaltext]Overthepastdecade,theenvironmentalmovementhasexplodedont
PeoplewhospendalotoftimesurfingtheInternetaremorelikelytoshow
PeoplewhospendalotoftimesurfingtheInternetaremorelikelytoshow
PeoplewhospendalotoftimesurfingtheInternetaremorelikelytoshow
PeoplewhospendalotoftimesurfingtheInternetaremorelikelytoshow
PeoplewhospendalotoftimesurfingtheInternetaremorelikelytoshow
PeoplewhospendalotoftimesurfingtheInternetaremorelikelytoshow
Mostgrowingplantscontainmuchmorewaterthanallothermaterialscombine
Mostgrowingplantscontainmuchmorewaterthanallothermaterialscombine
Movingfarmorequicklythanmanyhadthoughtlikelyorpossible,lawmakers
随机试题
Whatinformationwasgivenbyeachwriter?Chooseyouranswersfromtheboxand
Tsunamis[A]UpuntilDecemberof2004,thephenomenonoftsunamiwasnot
安全监理细则由()负责审批,在安全监理实施细则报审表签署审批意见。A.监理
与银行借款相比,下列各项中,不属于发行债券筹资特点的有( )。A.资本成本较高
患者,男,50岁。咳嗽,咯吐痰涎,色白清稀,鼻塞流涕,应首选()A.归肺经
倡议书是向社会有关方面倡导某种活动或某种做法的文书,因此在写作上要求()A.
建设项目工程总承包方的项目管理目标包括( )。A.施工方的质量目标 B.工程
以下关于金融期货价格的说法正确的是()。A:期货合约的理论价格是确定的B:在期
外汇期货的交易成本主要是指( )。A.交易所收取的佣金 B.期货经纪商收取的佣
A.上皮细胞足突消失 B.上皮下驼峰样沉积物 C.系膜区沉积物 D.内皮下
最新回复
(
0
)