首页
登录
职称英语
Economically speaking, are we better off than we were ten years ago? Twenty y
Economically speaking, are we better off than we were ten years ago? Twenty y
游客
2023-08-08
28
管理
问题
Economically speaking, are we better off than we were ten years ago? Twenty years ago?
In their thirst for evidence on this issue, commentators seized on the recent report by the Census Bureau, which found that average household income rose by 5.2% in 2015. Unfortunately, that conclusion puts too much weight on a useful, but flawed and incomplete, statistic. Among the more significant problems with the Census’ s measure are that: 1) it excludes taxes, transfers, and compensation like employer-provided health insurance; and 2) it is based on surveys rather than data. Even if precisely measured, income data exclude important determinants of economic well-being, such as the hours of work needed to earn that income.
While thinking about the question, we came across a recently published article by Charles Jones and Peter Klenow, which proposes an interesting new measure of economic welfare. While by no means perfect, it is considerably more comprehensive than average income, taking into account not only growth in consumption per person but also changes in working time, life expectancy, and inequality. Moreover, it can be used to assess economic performance both across countries and over time.
The Jones-Klenow method can be illustrated by a cross-country example. Suppose we want to compare the economic welfare of citizens of the U. S. and France in 2005.
In 2005, as the authors observe, real consumption per person in France was only 60% as high as the U. S. , making it appear that Americans were economically much better off than the French on average. However, that comparison omits other relevant factors: leisure time, life expectancy, and economic inequality. The French take longer vacations and retire earlier, so typically work fewer hours; they enjoy a higher life expectancy, presumably reflecting advantages with respect to health care, diet, lifestyle, and the like; and income and consumption are somewhat more equally distributed there than in the U. S. Because of these differences, comparing France’ s consumption with the U. S. ’ s overstates the gap in economic welfare.
Similar calculations can be used to compare the U. S. and other countries. For example, this calculation puts economic welfare in the United Kingdom at 97% of U. S. levels, but estimates Mexican well-being at 22%.
The Jones-Klenow measure can also assess an economy’ s performance over time. According to this measure, as of the early-to-mid-2000s, the U. S. had the highest economic welfare of any large country. Since 2007, economic welfare in the U. S. has continued to improve. However, the pace of improvement has slowed markedly.
Methodologically, the lesson from the Jones-Klenow research is that economic welfare is multidimensional. Their approach is flexible enough that in principle other important quality-of-life changes could be incorporated—for example, decreases in total emissions of pollutants and declines in crime rates. [br] What does the author say about the Jones-Klenow method?
选项
A、It is widely used to compare the economic growth across countries.
B、It revolutionizes the way of measuring ordinary people’ s livelihood.
C、It focuses on people’ s consumption rather than their average income.
D、It is a more comprehensive measure of people’ s economic well-being.
答案
D
解析
细节题。原文第三段第二句话指出,查尔斯·琼斯和彼得·克莱诺最近发表的一篇文章中提出了一项衡量经济福利的新指标,虽然这个指标并不完美,但它比平均收人指标更全面,不仅考虑到人均消费的增长,还考虑了工作时间的变化、平均寿命和收人差距。由此可知,作者认为用琼斯一克莱诺法来衡量人们的经济福利会更全面一些,故答案为D。A项与原文不符,文中并没有提到该方法被广泛运用,故排除。B项原文未提及,故排除。C项与原文不符,琼斯一克莱诺法不仅仅关注人们的消费,平均收入、工作时间等因素也被考虑在内了,故排除。
转载请注明原文地址:https://tihaiku.com/zcyy/2909339.html
相关试题推荐
Anybrainexerciseisbetterthanbeingatotalmentalcouchpotato.Butthe
Anybrainexerciseisbetterthanbeingatotalmentalcouchpotato.Butthe
Anybrainexerciseisbetterthanbeingatotalmentalcouchpotato.Butthe
Anybrainexerciseisbetterthanbeingatotalmentalcouchpotato.Butthe
LatinoyouthsneedbettereducationforArizonatotakefulladvantageofth
LatinoyouthsneedbettereducationforArizonatotakefulladvantageofth
LatinoyouthsneedbettereducationforArizonatotakefulladvantageofth
Ifyoudidn’tknowanybetter,youmightthinkthatStar,Snuppy,CCandAND
Ifyoudidn’tknowanybetter,youmightthinkthatStar,Snuppy,CCandAND
Ifyoudidn’tknowanybetter,youmightthinkthatStar,Snuppy,CCandAND
随机试题
HowExerciseCouldLeadtoaBetterBrainA)
用电子管作为电子器件制成的计算机属于A.第一代 B.第二代 C.第三代 D
A.钙 B.铁 C.视黄醇 D.核黄素 E.维生素D儿童患夜盲症是由于体
对于休克型肺炎的治疗,下列哪项不合适A.增加抗生素剂量 B.适当应用血管活性药
对党的中央委员会委员、候补委员,给以警告、严重警告处分,由中央纪律检查委员会常务
引起咯血最常见的疾病是()A.肺结核 B.肺淤血 C.肺部恶性肿瘤
《医院感染监测制度》规定,Ⅱ类环境空气细菌菌落总数卫生标准为( )。A.≤4.
2,4,6,9,13,19,?A:28 B:29 C:30
参数估计是依据样本信息推断未知的总体参数。()
某渠首闸是一座中型水闸,闸孔共3孔,单孔宽4.5m,项目划分为一个单位工程,一
最新回复
(
0
)