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[originaltext] In the past industries had more freedom than they have now, a
[originaltext] In the past industries had more freedom than they have now, a
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2023-08-08
40
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问题
In the past industries had more freedom than they have now, and they did not need to be as careful as they must today. They did not need to worry a lot about the safety of the new products that they developed. They did not have to pay much attention to the health and safety of the people who worked for them. Often new products were dangerous for the people who used them: often conditions in the work place had very bad effects on the health of the workers.
Of course sometimes there were real disasters which attracted the attention of government and which showed need for changes. Also scientists who were doing research into the health of the workers sometimes produced information which governments could not ignore. At such times, there were inquiries into the causes of the disaster or the problems. New safety rules were often introduced as a result of these inquiries: however, the new rules came too late to protect the people who had died or become seriously ill.
Today many governments have special departments which protect customers and workers. In the U.S., for example, there is a department which tests new airplanes and gives warnings about possible problems. It also makes the rules that aircraft producers must follow. Another department controls the foods and drugs that companies sell. A third department looks at the places where people work, and then reports any companies that are breaking laws which protect the health and safety of workers.
12. Compared with today’s industries, what were the industries in the past like?
13. What did the government do years ago?
14. What does the passage say about industries in the U.S. today?
15. What is the speaker mainly talking about?
选项
A、Industries in the past and at present.
B、Changes in the development of industries.
C、The protection of industrial workers and customers.
D、The freedom of industries today and in the past.
答案
C
解析
主旨题。短文通过对工业生产的过去和现状的比较,着重论述了关于保护消费者和工人的不同状况:过去很糟糕,现在改善了很多,故C正确。解答主旨题要从宏观角度去理解,抓住主题句和脉络。通过录音反复出现的safety、health、rules、work place、protect、customers、workers等关键词,不难推断出C正确。A、B、D在录音中都有提及,但它们只是某些细节而已,并不是短文的主要话题。
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