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What do you do on days when the air doesn’t smel

游客2023-08-05  10
问题                                 What do you do on days when the air doesn’t smell right? Soon, you might just check Google Maps.
    Google has teamed up with San Francisco-based sensor company Aclima and the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) to fit its Street View cars with environmental sensors. The cars will be used to produce up-to-the-minute neighbourhood pollution maps that could prove a lifesaver for people who suffer from asthma or other conditions that put them at risk when the air is bad. Air pollution kills an estimated 55,000 people every year in the US and 3.3 million worldwide.
    Air quality is typically measured by stationary equipment scattered throughout a city: New York City, for example, has 17 monitoring stations. But widely spaced sensors have a limited capacity to model the dynamic processes at work in an urban area, especially with wind, sunlight, humidity and traffic patterns shifting continuously.
    The Google-Aclima project, by contrast, will move the sensors on to the streets. Cars fitted with mobile sensing equipment will criss-cross city neighbourhoods throughout the day to collect data about air quality. Algorithms will distil millions of readings for pollutants and greenhouse gases, including carbon monoxide, ozone and fine particulates, into colour-coded maps for the city.
    These real-time pollution maps will go live for residents in the San Francisco Bay area on Google Earth Engine, a geospatial analysis platform, early next year. Website visitors will be able to see which pollutants are moving through their neighbourhoods or heading their way. California’s Central Valley and Los Angeles will get their own maps later in the year.
    Epidemiologists will be able to use the data generated to correlate, for example, the timing of asthma attacks or admission into hospital emergency rooms with air quality in a particular location at a given time, says Melissa Lunden, director of research at Aclima. " The health community is very interested," she says. " The data should also help meteorologists model how air moves and diffuses through the concrete canyons of cities. "
    " Projects like these are going to help people make personal decisions," says Dan Costa, director of the EPA’s air, climate and energy research programme. "Do I walk down Acorn Street or Elm Street? Am I going to let my kids play outside today?"
    "The revolution in low-cost portable pollution sensors will also prompt agencies such as the EPA to up their game," he says. "It’s going to move the government to provide information in a different way— information that is in real time, locally based and that people can actually use. " [br] What can the Street View cars do?
选项 A、They can model the dynamic process of air quality.
B、They can save the lives of respiratory disease patients.
C、They can replace the stationary sensors in communities.
D、They can collect more accurate data about air pollution.
答案 D
解析 由题干中的Street View cars定位至第二段第二句和第三段第一、二句。细节辨认题。文章第二段第二句提到，街景视图车可用于生成精确到分钟的实时社区污染地图；第三段第一、二句指出，空气质量现在主要是通过散布于城市的固定监测站获取数据的，由于分布比较稀疏，精确性有限，故答案为D)。
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