首页
登录
职称英语
Life is priceless to those who possess it. Policymakers, though, must take a
Life is priceless to those who possess it. Policymakers, though, must take a
游客
2023-08-04
29
管理
问题
Life is priceless to those who possess it. Policymakers, though, must take a more hard-headed (头脑冷静的) approach. That is particularly—if unfairly—true in poorer parts of the world. It is important for the authorities to understand the cost-effectiveness (成本效益) of a health programme, so that its value can be compared with that of other claims on the public purse.
How to go about doing this is illustrated by a paper published in the Public Library of Science by Kartik Venkatesh of Brown University and Jessica Becker of Yale. Dr. Venkatesh and Dr. Becker asked themselves if it would be a good idea for the government of India to try, at regular intervals, to test the country’s population for HIV, the virus that causes AIDS, in order to treat those who unknowingly harbour it. The short answer is that, if it were feasible, it would be.
Though HIV in India has not turned into the widespread epidemic some experts feared it would a few years ago, it is reckoned to affect about 2.4m people, many of whom do not realise they are infected. If they were identified, these people could be given antiretroviral (抗逆转录病毒的) drugs to stop the symptoms of AIDS developing. That would also have the bonus of reducing the chance of their passing the virus on.
The calculations made by Dr. Venkatesh and Dr. Becker rely on a model developed by the World Health Organisation and already in use in America, France, South Africa and elsewhere. It values lives extended and saved, and further infections and other treatment avoided. It then balances those against the costs of testing people and of giving drugs to those who test positive (plus the inevitable extra non-HIV spending that typically follows testing).
The price at which an extra year of life saved is deemed cost-effective is anything less than triple the annual GDP per person of the country in question. In India that is $3,900. Anything below parity ($1,300 per year of life) counts as very cost-effective. According to Dr. Venkatesh and Dr. Becker, testing Indian adults every five years would cost $1,900 per year of life saved, and would thus pay off handsomely.
Whether it could actually be done is another matter. But India takes AIDS seriously and the fact that the epidemic has not run out of control in the way that was once feared is at least in part the consequence of the country’s policies. The will to test therefore probably exists. Dr. Venkatesh and Dr. Becker suggest it would be worth finding the means, as well. [br] How much money can be thought as very cost-effective for testing in India?
选项
A、Less than $3,900.
B、Less than $ 1,300.
C、Less than $ 1,700.
D、Less than $ 1,900.
答案
B
解析
细节题。根据题干中的very cost.. effective定位到原文第五段第三句。该句中提到,让一个病人延长一年寿命的花销只要低于平价(多活一年花销1300美元),则被视为是非常划算的。由此可知,B项表述符合原文,故选B。
转载请注明原文地址:https://tihaiku.com/zcyy/2897279.html
相关试题推荐
[originaltext]Dreamsareexpressionsofthoughts,feelingsandeventsthat
[originaltext]Dreamsareexpressionsofthoughts,feelingsandeventsthat
A、Ithasmanybigandbeautifulparks.B、Itpossessesmanyhistoricalsites.C、I
A此处需填入eventhough让步状语从句的谓语动词。后一分句doesn’tmean使用了一般现在时,而空格前的从句主语为it,由此可知该谓语动词为第三人
O此处需填入修饰schoolsofthought(思想流派)的词。由下文的thetwo…areverydifferentfromoneanoth
L此处需填入动词原形,与possess并列。由前面的possesscertaincharacteristics(具备某些性格特征),可推知此处大意是“表现出
[originaltext]M:Mary,youareintodrama,soIthoughtwewouldtalkaboutSha
[originaltext]M:Mary,youareintodrama,soIthoughtwewouldtalkaboutSha
[originaltext]Dreamsareexpressionsofthoughts,feelingsandeventsthat
[originaltext]Dreamsareexpressionsofthoughts,feelingsandeventsthat
随机试题
Ifyouask20randomgraduatestoexplainwhytheywenttobusinessschool,
企业处置交易性金融资产、可供出售金融资产实现的收益,在“营业外收入”账户核算。(
发光强度系数的单位为cd·lx-1。()
水溶性维生素不包括下列哪一种A.维生素K B.维生素C C.维生素B D.
关于美洛昔康以下说法错误的是A.用于慢性关节病,包括缓解急、慢性脊柱关节病,类风
下边四个图形中,只有一个是由上边的四个图形拼合(只能通过上、下、左、右平移)而成
我国古代内发论的代表人物是( )。A.孔子 B.荀子 C.孟子
根据《环境影响评价技术导则—生态影响》,确定生态影响评价工作范围的原则有( )
最新回复
(
0
)