[originaltext] Students who struggled early on with basic reading and math s

Students who struggled early on with basic reading and math skills may continue to have a hard time as they progress through school. Those consequences are better documented among struggling readers, Morgan says. If students fail to become proficient readers, it tends to have negative side effects on their emotional development. The students can have a more negative self-image, feel isolated or act out more in classrooms. While there isn’t extensive evidence about students who struggle with math, Morgan says there is some evidence which indicates that those students could be at a higher risk for negative social and emotional adjustments. But many early-grade teachers with students struggling in math appear to be more likely to use ineffective teaching methods, according to a new study. Of course, we don’t want that kind of series of negative effects to occur. Certainly, being able to perform mathematics is an important skill for our society—especially at a first-grade level—so it’s important to provide effective instruction to children and it seems particularly important as they’re emotionally developing. " If the student doesn’t seem to be engaged in math, maybe we can do something that seems more engaging to a first-grader, like coupling the math instruction with music or moving around the classroom. Maybe that will help. " Morgan explains. While it’s important to adjust instruction based on the needs of students, Morgan says teachers should also keep in mind that the types of instruction they use can have a noticeable effect on student achievement and that they need to be aware of which practices are most effective.
    Questions 9 to 11 are based on the passage you have just heard.
    9. What may happen to the students who had trouble early on in reading?
    10. What can we learn about the students who struggle with math?
    11. What are teachers supposed to do if first-graders are not engaged in math?