首页
登录
职称英语
Society was fascinated by science and things scientific in the nineteenth ce
Society was fascinated by science and things scientific in the nineteenth ce
游客
2023-08-02
36
管理
问题
Society was fascinated by science and things scientific in the nineteenth century. Great breakthroughs in engineering, the use of steam power, and electricity were there for all to see, enjoy, and suffer. Science was fashionable and it is not surprising that, daring this great period of industrial development, scientific methods should be applied to the activities of man, particularly to those involved in the processes of production. Towards the end of the nineteenth century international competition began to make itself felt. The three industrial giants of the day, Germany, America, and Great Britain, began to find that there was a limit to the purchasing power of the previously apparently inexhaustible markets. Science and competition therefore provided the means and the need to improve industrial efficiency.
Frederick Winslow Taylor is generally acknowledged as being the father of the scientific management approach, as a result of the publication of his book, The Principles of Scientific Management, published in 1911. However, numerous other academics and practitioners(实践者) had been actively applying such approaches since the beginning of the century. Charles Babbage, an English academic, well-known for his invention of the mechanical computer(with the aid of a government grant as long as 1820), applied himself to the costing of processes, using scientific methods, and indeed might well be recognized as one of the fathers of cost accounting.
Taylor was of well-to-do background and received an excellent education but, partly owing to troubles with his eyesight, decided to become an engineering apprentice. He spent some twenty-five years in the tough, sometimes brutal, environment of the US steel industry and carefully studied methods of work when he eventually attained supervisory status. He made various significant innovations in the area of steel processing, but his claim to fame is through his application of methods of science to methods of work, and his personal efforts that proved they could succeed in a hostile environment.
In 1901, Taylor left the steel industry and spent the rest of his life trying to promote the principles of managing scientifically and emphasizing the human aspects of the method, over the slave-driving methods common in his day. He died in 1915, leaving a huge school of followers to promote his approach worldwide.
选项
A、Great breakthroughs.
B、Unlimited purchasing power.
C、Science and competition.
D、International competition.
答案
C
解析
细节题。根据industrial efficiency 定位到第一段最后一句。第一段最后一句说:科技与竞争成为提高工业效率的方式和需要,所以选C。A出现在第一段第二句话中,说的是科技的发展。D在文中第一段的倒数第二句,说的是强国感觉到了市场的变化。D只提到了一点,不全面。
转载请注明原文地址:https://tihaiku.com/zcyy/2891410.html
相关试题推荐
A、valuebothscienceandhumanitiesB、putfactsandfiguresbeforestatistictC、
[originaltext]M:HelloKate.Howareyou?W:Oh,fine,andyou?Howdidthings
[originaltext]M:HelloKate.Howareyou?W:Oh,fine,andyou?Howdidthings
[originaltext]Thestudyon400children.inthejournalScience,initially
[originaltext]Aswithsomanyotherthingsinlife,exercisemayworkbest
[originaltext]Aswithsomanyotherthingsinlife,exercisemayworkbest
[originaltext]Inamodernsociety,nocompanycanhopetomakeaprofiton
[originaltext]Inamodernsociety,nocompanycanhopetomakeaprofiton
[originaltext]Inamodernsociety,nocompanycanhopetomakeaprofiton
[originaltext]Inamodernsociety,nocompanycanhopetomakeaprofiton
随机试题
______helovestraveling,hedoesnotwanttotravelalone.A、AsmuchB、Muchtho
A.comfortableB.preferC.investmentD.academically
[originaltext]Ithasbeensaidthatlighthouses,castingaglowovertheda
下列权利中,房地产经纪人不享有( )的权利。A.指导房地产经纪人协理进行各种经
下列关于鞣质叙述错误的是A、鞣质根据是否能被酸水解的性质,可分为可水解鞣质和缩合
关于社会工作研究方法论的说法,正确的是()。A.实证主义方法论重点强调研究的过
下列选项中,属于生理性蛋白尿的有( )。A.直立性蛋白尿 B.发热引起的蛋白
临床上主要表现为功能性子宫出血的疾病是 A.子宫颈癌B.子宫内膜异位症C.
烟花爆竹的组成决定了它具有燃烧和爆炸的特性。它包括能量特征、燃烧特性、力学特性、
在雷电过电压下的绝缘配合中,已知某工程选用的550kV避雷器雷电冲击残压Ubnc
最新回复
(
0
)