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  3. What makes a full man? According to Francis Bacon, the celebrated English Ph

What makes a full man? According to Francis Bacon, the celebrated English Ph

游客2023-07-29  23
问题     What makes a full man? According to Francis Bacon, the celebrated English Philosopher, the only factor by which a "full man" can be made is reading.
    A "full man" may be defined as one who has a mind filled with ideas, or one who is stocked with knowledge. But how can such ideas or knowledge be obtained? Can they be obtained through a college or university education? The function of a college or university is to prepare a young man to enter into the world. In order to do so, it must fill the young minds with a certain amount of ideas and knowledge. But to think that the ideas and knowledge thus imparted make a "full man" is a mistake. Evidently no one can say that he is a "full man" because he is a graduate of a certain college or university.
    Then can such ideas and knowledge be obtained through experience? Indeed, from experience we get new ideas and knowledge. But to suppose that ideas and knowledge thus acquired make a "full man" is also a mistake. A carpenter’s experience is different from a smith’s and a smith’s is different from a carpenter’s. If experience can make a "full man ", is it the carpenter’s or the smith’s experience that makes the "full man"?
    Thus we see that the real factory by which a "full man" is made is neither education nor experience; it is reading. By reading scientific treatises(论文), we are informed of many facts; by reading geography, we know the earth’s surface, forms, physical features etc; by reading history, we are told of the growth of the nations. With eyes we can see, with ears we can hear. But at a distance, small objects can hardly be distinguished by naked eyes, and ordinary sounds are not audible (听得见的)to our ears without a transmitter. It is by reading that we can know many things without actually seeing and hearing them. Besides, a fair knowledge of what the world is thinking and doing can only be acquired by reading the newspapers and magazines. Therefore, no matter how high our education may be, or how much experience we may have, we can not become a "full man" unless we keep on reading. [br] It can be inferred from the passage that ______.
选项 A、reading science, geography and history will make a full man
B、a full man doesn’t need education
C、a full man doesn’t need direct experience
D、only by keeps on reading can we become a full man
答案 D
解析 选项A不完整。第四段第二句只是作者举的例子，为了向读者说明：阅读不同领域的书籍会获得不同的知识，但作者并未指出，只阅读这几方面的书就可以成为一个完美的人。至于B和C中教育与经验的作用，作者在第二和第三段指出了说明大学教育和经验还不足以成就一个完美的人，但作者并未否定教育和经验的作用，相反作者也承认教育和经验能帮助我们获得“ideas and knowledge”。因此，依据文章第一段和第四段最后一句，只有选项D正确。
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