[originaltext]Almost every child is scared of something, from monsters in the c

Almost every child is scared of something, from monsters in the cupboard to dogs in the park. But the fact that such fears and phobias are common and normal doesn’t mean they can be taken lightly. Kids experience fears much more strongly than adults. And the influence of the fear can be physical as well as psychological. It can build up so they almost seem scared of everything — a kind of childhood anxiety. Dr. Creswell says, “Your child may always seem to expect the worst to happen and lack confidence in his or her ability to deal with any challenge.” So don’t make the same old mistake of treating them as if they’re silly for being a “scary cat”. Handing the fears is essential.
Children can be born nervous and, if you have such a baby, you’ll tend to prevent them from getting worried. So if they fear dogs, you’ll keep them away from dogs, but in fact that can just confirm to the child that dogs are scary. What is worse, keeping your child away from what they fear can turn that feeling into a phobia. Instead, you should encourage them to get in touch with the thing they fear, in a safe and supportive environment. Dr. Andy Field, a researcher of childhood fears, says, “You shouldn’t force, for example, a dog-anxious child to go up to a dog. But you can approach it yourself, show them there is nothing to be afraid of, stroke it, and talk about the dog being friendly. Once your child dares to stroke a dog — one that’s good with children, of course — then you should encourage them to carry on until they feel calmer, and reward them for being brave.”
Questions 33 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard.
33. Why are children’s fears usually taken lightly?
34. What will happen if we fail to help children to overcome fears?
35. What should parents do if a child is afraid of a dog according to Dr. Andy Field?