首页
登录
职称英语
Environmental asceticism has created a vogue for upgrading light-bulbs and t
Environmental asceticism has created a vogue for upgrading light-bulbs and t
游客
2023-07-19
64
管理
问题
Environmental asceticism has created a vogue for upgrading light-bulbs and tweaking thermostats (恒温器). But according to a new piece of research, many of these actions—however virtuous—arise from faulty perceptions of energy savings.
Shahzeen Attari of Columbia University and her colleagues recruit 505 volunteers from across America. Each was asked to estimate the energy consumption of nine household devices as well as the energy savings incurred by six green activities. The researchers then compared the volunteers’ estimates with the actual energy requirements or savings in question.
Their results suggest that although people do grasp basic energy trends, they are decidedly hazy on the details. On average, participants underestimated both energy use and energy savings by a factor of 2. 8— mostly because they undervalued the requirements of large machines like heaters and clothes dryers. As a result, they failed to recognize the huge energy savings that can come from improving the efficiency of such appliances.
Miscalculations like these hinder conservation efforts. When asked to rank the single most effective way to save energy, participants typically endorsed activities with small savings, such as turning off lights, while ignoring what they could economize on larger devices. This suggests that people misallocate their efforts, fretting (烦恼) over an unattended lamp (at 100 watts) while neglecting the energy they could save by shifting their washer settings from "hot" to "warm" (4 000 watt-hours for each load of laundry).
A quirk (怪癖) of human psychology could help to explain these persistent underestimates. When calculating such things, people often adopt a familiar unit as a mental scale and then generate predictions based on that unit. As a side-effect, their estimates cluster too closely around the measure—a phenomenon called "anchoring."
This suggests an obvious criticism: by providing the light-bulb figure, the researchers primed their subjects to underestimate energy consumption. But the authors argue that rather than introducing a methodological flaw, they simply acknowledged a shared point of reference. When it comes to an accessible, quantitative measure of energy, consumers are uniquely familiar with the 100W bulb. As a result, Dr. Attari expects bulbs to exert an anchoring effect on the general population as well as on her volunteers, contributing to widespread underestimates of the energy demands of large appliances. [br] Why do people fail to realize the energy savings from improving the efficiency of appliances?
选项
A、Because they overlook the use of energy-saving appliances.
B、Because they don’t know the details of basic energy trends.
C、Because they underestimate the demands of highly energy-consuming appliances.
D、Because they tend to miscalculate the energy consumption of larger appliances.
答案
C
解析
推理判断题。定位句指出人们没能意识到通过提高电器的工作效率节约能源的原因,即人们低估了高能耗电器的用电需求,故答案为C)。
转载请注明原文地址:https://tihaiku.com/zcyy/2850775.html
相关试题推荐
__________(信不信由你),hisdiscoveryhascreatedastirinscientificcircles.Believ
Manycountriesaretryingto______theseriousproblemscreatedbytheenergyc
Thepartoftheenvironmentalmovementthatdrawsmyfirm’sattentionisthe
Thepartoftheenvironmentalmovementthatdrawsmyfirm’sattentionisthe
Thepartoftheenvironmentalmovementthatdrawsmyfirm’sattentionisthe
Thepartoftheenvironmentalmovementthatdrawsmyfirm’sattentionisthe
Thepartoftheenvironmentalmovementthatdrawsmyfirm’sattentionisthe
Thepartoftheenvironmentalmovementthatdrawsmyfirm’sattentionisthe
Thepartoftheenvironmentalmovementthatdrawsmyfirm’sattentionisthe
Thepartoftheenvironmentalmovementthatdrawsmyfirm’sattentionisthe
随机试题
RobertBrowningisoftenassociatedwith______.A、streamofconsciousnessB、drama
WhenIwasinmyearlyteens,Iwastakentoaspectacularshowonicebyth
In2011,manyshopperschosetoavoidthefranticcrowdsanddotheirholida
Don’tSayIt’sGlobalWarmingA)AsTexasendurestheslow,a
生产经营单位的特种作业人员必须按照国家有关规定经专门的安全作业培训取得(),方可
以下除哪项外,均可作为早孕的诊断依据A.子宫增大变软,呈球形 B.阴道壁及子宫
溶血性黄疸时,尿胆原呈()A.阴性 B.尿1:5阴性 C.尿1:10阴性
基础心理学是研究()。 (A)正常成人心理现象的心理学基础学科 (B
可进入中枢神经系统而用于帕金森病治疗的抗胆碱药是A.苯海索 B.金刚烷胺 C
(2020年真题)施工定额的研究对象是()。A.工序 B.分项工程 C.分
最新回复
(
0
)