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  3. Growth in oil and gas supplies will make the U. S. virtually self-sufficient

Growth in oil and gas supplies will make the U. S. virtually self-sufficient

游客2023-07-19  29
问题     Growth in oil and gas supplies will make the U. S. virtually self-sufficient in energy by 2030, according to a BP report published on Wednesday.
    In a development with enormous geopolitical implications, the country’s dependence on oil imports from potentially unstable countries in the Middle East and elsewhere would disappear, BP said, although Britain and western Europe would still need Gulf supplies.
    BP’s latest energy outlook forecasts a growth in unconventional energy sources, " including U. S. shale (页岩) oil and gas, Canadian oil sands and Brazilian deepwater, plus a gradual decline in demand, that would see North America become almost totally energy self-sufficient" in two decades. BP’s chief executive, Bob Dudley, said, " Our report challenges some long-held beliefs. Significant changes in U. S. supply-and-demand prospects, for example, highlight the likelihood that import dependence in what is today’s largest energy importer will decline substantially. "
    The report said the volume of oil imports in the U. S. would fall below 1990s levels, largely due to rising domestic shale oil production and ethanol (乙醇) replacing crude. The U. S. would also become a net exporter of natural gas.
    Overall, global energy demand would surge in the next 20 years, fuelled by economic and population growth in Asia, but at a slowing annual rate, due to advances in energy efficiency and growth of re-newables.
    World energy demand is likely to grow by 39% over the next two decades, or 1. 6% annually, almost entirely in non-OECD (非经济合作与发展组织) countries. Consumption in non-OECD countries is expected to rise by just 4% in total over the period.
    Global energy will remain dominated by fossil fuels, which are forecast to account for 81% of energy demand by 2030, down about 6% from current levels. The period should also see increased fuel-switching , with more gas and renewables used at the expense of coal and oil.  [br] What does the passage say about the non-OECD countries?
选项 A、Their energy demand would entirely increase by 39% over the next two decades.
B、They would increase the energy consumption by 1.6% annually.
C、Their energy consumption would increase by only 4% over the next two decades.
D、They would develop more gas and renewables at the expense of coal and oil.
答案 C
解析 事实细节题。根据定位句，非经济合作与发展组织成员国在未来20年的能源消费将总共仅增长4％，C)含义与之吻合，故为答案。原文指出世界能源需求在未来20年很可能增加39％，几乎全部发生在非经济合作与发展组织的国家中，A)与原文意思不符，故排除；原文指出这些成员国的能源需求年增长率为1．6％，而非年需求率，故排除B)；D)杂糅了原文意思，故排除。
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